The blue bottle experiment is a collective term for autoxidation reactions catalysed by redox indicators. The reactions are characterized by their repeatable cycle of colour changes when shaken/left to stand and intricate chemical pattern formation. The blue bottle experiment is studied based on calculated solution-phase half-cell reduction potential of related reactions. Our investigation conf...

The main results concern with the self maps on the Klein bottle. We obtain the Reidemeister numbers and the Nielsen numbers for all self maps on the Klein bottle. In terms of the Nielsen numbers of their iterates, we totally determine the minimal sets of periods for all homotopy classes of self maps on the Klein bottle.

In this paper, we shall characterize triangulations on the Klein bottle without K6-minors. Our characterization implies that every 5-connected triangulation on the Klein bottle has a K6-minor. The connectivity “5” is best possible in a sense that there is a 4-connected triangulation on the Klein bottle without K6-minors.

This paper is devoted to the methodological problems and research findings related to volitional ethanol consumption in animals. The topics discussed include the concept of ethanol preference and the various self-selection methods for testing ethanol preference, such as the two-bottle test and several multiple selection methods. A critique also is presented of the physiological and psychologica...

530 British Journal ofGeneral Practice, August 2011 ADVANTAGESOVEREXISTING TECHNOLOGY Earlier diagnosis of capillary blood ketones associatedwithhyperglycaemia facilitates the prevention of ketoacidosis, as well as prompt treatment.1 Urine ketone strips are semiquantitative and measurements do not accurately reflect current conditions if the urine has been in the bladder for several hours (for ...

To determine the optimal anaerobic companion bottle to pair with the BacT/ALERT (bioMerieux, Durham, N.C.) nonvented aerobic FA (FA) medium for recovery of pathogenic microorganisms from adult patients with bacteremia and fungemia, we compared the BacT/ALERT FN (FN) anaerobic bottle with the standard BacT/ALERT SN (SN) anaerobic bottle. Each bottle, FA, FN, and SN, was filled with 8 to 12 ml of...

Once there was an immortal who lived in a bottle gourd and emerged each morning to sell medicine. Every night he returned to the bottle gourd to sleep. Curious about this strange behavior, a mortal followed him into the bottle gourd. There he found a spacious fairyland with landscapes of unearthly beauty. This story was told by Ge Hong, an important figure in the development of Taoism, in his f...

An easy and cheap fabrication method for intricate polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic devices is presented. The acrylonitrile butadiene styrene scaffold-removal method uses cheap, off-the-shelf materials and equipment for the fabrication of intricate microfluidic devices. The versatility of the method is proven by the fabrication of 3D multilayer, ship-in-a-bottle, selective heating, sensing, an...

A supercontinuum bottle beam was successfully produced by focusing a supercontinuum laser beam after passing through an axicon. The supercontinuum radiation was generated from a microstructured fiber pumped by a self-kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser. The cross-section intensity distributions of the generated bottle were recorded by a beam profiler. Using the line filters to s...