Gas hydrates, solid composites of biogenically derived gasses (mainly methane) combined with water ice, may be present in marine sediments, especially at continental margins, under the correct pressure and temperature conditions. Gas hydrates are detected by direct sampling, and inferred from seismic reSection data when a strong bottom-simulating reSector (BSR) is produced by the seismic veloci...

We derive changes in ocean bottom pressure and ocean mass by combining modelled ocean bottom pressure, weekly GRACE-derived models of gravity change, and large-scale deformation patterns sensed by a global network of GPS stations in a joint least-squares inversion. The weekly combination allows a consistent estimation of geocenter motion, loading mass harmonics up to degree 30, and a spatially ...

We present fiber Bragg grating pressure sensors in air-hole microstructured fibers for high-temperature operation above 800 degrees C. An ultrafast laser was used to inscribe Type II grating in two-hole optical fibers. The fiber Bragg grating resonance wavelength shift and peak splits were studied as a function of external hydrostatic pressure from 15 psi to 2000 psi. The grating pressure senso...

The recovery ratio is an important indicator to evaluate the effectiveness and performance of oilfield development. In order clarify key factors in stage super-high water cut, 9 dynamic indicators 12 blocks are analyzed heavy oil reservoir eastern China application engineering principles statistical analysis methods. results show that four well density, producing wells injecting wells, net cumu...

abstract- maize production, which is ranked after wheat and barely in fars province, iran, needs a considerable amount of irrigation water that is not available in scarce water conditions in drought situations. therefore, proper planting method can improve irrigation water management. the objectives of the present study were to investigate the effects of two planting methods, on-bed and in furr...

Based on the study of properties natural gas hydrate characteristics and displacement mechanism, mathematical model exploitation by decompression assisted CO2 replacement method has been established. numerical simulation to inject different temperature reservoir, this paper analyzed process lowered change rule bottom hole pressure reservoir. The results show that heat transfer area in reservoir...

Introduction: A neutrino observatory planned for South Pole offers an opportunity to collect a timesequenced 100,000-yr record of micrometeorites and terrestrial dust deposited in Antarctic ice with 20–100yr resolution. This unprecedented record bears on numerous studies including the evolution of near-Earth cosmic-dust and the provenance of micrometeorites, the relationship between ET influx a...

In the bottom-up synthesis of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) from self-assembled linear polymer intermediates, surface-assisted cyclodehydrogenations usually take place on catalytic metal surfaces. Here we demonstrate the formation of GNRs from quasi-freestanding polymers assisted by hole injections from a scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) tip. While catalytic cyclodehydrogenations typically oc...

Sudden falls of large-area hard roofs in a mined area release a large amount of elastic energy, generate dynamic loads, and cause disasters such as impact ground pressure and gas outbursts. To address these problems, in this study, the sleeve fracturing method (SFM) was applied to weaken a hard roof. The numerical simulation software FLAC3D was used to develop three models based on an analysis ...

Most temperature predictions for deep geothermal applications rely on correcting bottom-hole temperatures (BHTs) to undisturbed or static formation (SFTs). The data used BHT correction are usually of low quality due a lack information and poor documentation, the uncertainty corrected SFT is therefore unknown. It supposed that error within input exceeds different schemes. To verify this, we comb...