OBJECTIVES Automated external defibrillators (AEDs) are lifesaving, but little is known about where they are located or how to find them. We sought to locate AEDs in high employment areas of Philadelphia and characterize the process of door-to-door surveying to identify these devices. METHODS Block groups representing approximately the top 3rd of total primary jobs in Philadelphia were identi...

Buildings are the most important objects in urban areas. Thus, building detection using photogrammetry and remote sensing data as well as 3D model of buildings are very useful for many applications such as mobile navigation, tourism, and disaster management. In this paper, an approach has been proposed for detecting buildings by LiDAR data and aerial images, as well as reconstructing 3D model o...

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With energy use growing rapidly around the world, building energy conservation is becoming a great concern especially for large commercial buildings. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop appropriate methods for energy use assessment of commercial buildings. In recent years, energy monitoring system (EMS) has been applied in some large-scale commercial buildings, which has laid the ...

A review of literature related to fire evacuation in high-rise buildings was carried out with the following objectives, (1) to identify the key behavioural factors affecting the performance of people during a fire in a high-rise building, the singularities associated to this type of buildings and areas of future research; (2) to review the procedures and strategies currently adopted in high-ris...

Urban densification and preservation of soil are a much discussed topics on which there is still little detailed research. In Switzerland these concepts are also acknowledged by visions and regulations at the federal level together with the importance of increasing energy supply by renewable energy sources and reducing the energy demand in-primis of existing building. The scientific community i...

Commissioning is arguably the single most cost-effective strategy for reducing energy, costs, and greenhouse gas emissions in buildings today. Although commissioning has earned increased recognition in recent years, it remains an enigmatic practice whose visibility severely lags its potential. The application of commissioning to new buildings ensures that they deliver or exceed the performance ...

The most common method of benchmarking energy use in buildings is to compare the energy use of the building under consideration with the energy use of a population of like buildings. Usually there is some empirical compensation for features and factors that affect energy use such as the size of the building and the weather conditions. Two fundamental limitations of this approach are: 1) only si...

Buildings are being erected with completely new materials and components. They have lighter, stronger and fatigue resistant materials that perform better and last longer. The buildings show few signs of ageing or deterioration and suffer less time out of service for repairs and maintenance. Because they are more efficient in terms of insulation, waste products and heating, buildings consume les...

Several compelling factors drive spread of green buildings. Growing tenant demand due to lower operating costs, higher worker productivity and reputational issues forces the real estate sector to adopt efficient building techniques. Overall, operating costs for leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certified buildings are 8-9% lower than for regular buildings. Over the life cycle...