Background. In vitro studies with isolated arteries have shown direct vasoactivity of racemic bupivacaine. However, there is little information on the direct vasoactivities of bupivacaine enantiomers, S(-)- and R(+)-bupivacaine. Methods. We performed functional examinations using isolated intact thoracic aortic rings from male Wistar rats. Changes in ring tension produced by S(-)-, R(+)-, or ra...

OBJECTIVE We aimed to compare the possible controlled release profile of multilamellar liposomal bupivacaine formulations with non-liposomal forms in artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) under in vitro conditions. METHODS Liposome formulations were prepared using a dry-film hydration method. Then, an artificial CSF-buffered solution was prepared. Bupivacaine base with liposomal bupivacaine ba...

Background: The purpose of our study is to evaluate the role of intercostal nerve block and pectoralis major muscle infiltration in postoperative pain management following subpectoral breast augmentation. Methods : This is a prospective randomized controlled study using patients as their own controls. Women undergoing primary bilateral subpectoral breast augmentation from July 2012 until July 2...

Introduction: Port site and subdiaphragmatic infiltration of local anesthetics during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is preferred by surgeons to decrease postoperative pain. LC with as well without any anesthetic both have been standard surgical practice. However, the difference in reduction pain these two groups not known. The objective study was compare at port space LC.
 
 Metho...

The nature of symptoms and signs of sciatica, genetic factors, and efficacy of periradicular infiltration were studied in 160 nonoperated patients with unilateral sciatica of 3 to 28 weeks duration. Back and leg pain (100-mm VAS), disability (Oswestry), and quality-of-life (NHP) were evaluated. ENMG and 1.5-T MRI were performed on every patient. Presence of the Trp2 and Trp3 alleles of collagen...

BACKGROUND The susceptibility of children and newborns to cardiotoxicity from racemic bupivacaine, RS(±)-bupivacaine, is controversial. Some studies indicate that newborns can sustain higher bupivacaine plasma levels than adults, without severe toxicity. In this study, we compared the influence of age on cardiotoxicity from RS(±)-bupivacaine and S(-)-bupivacaine in rats. The effects of these lo...

BACKGROUND This report presents results from four preclinical studies evaluating safety and pharmacokinetics (PKs) of liposome bupivacaine following intravascular (intravenous [IV], intra-arterial [IA]), epidural, and intrathecal administration in dogs. METHODS Intravascular administration was initially tested in a pilot study to determine maximum tolerated doses, and then in an expanded stud...