The Utah Surrogate Mechanism was extended in order to model a stoichiometric premixed cyclohexane flame (P = 30 Torr). Generic rates were assigned to reaction classes of hydrogen abstraction, beta scission, and isomerization, and the resulting mechanism was found to be adequate in describing the combustion chemistry of cyclohexane. Satisfactory results were obtained in comparison with the exper...

Besides polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), which are established lung carcinogens, tobacco smoke also contains relatively large quantities of volatile organic carcinogens and toxicants, including 1,3-butadiene, ethylene oxide, benzene, acrolein and crotonaldehyde. Although animal experiments showed that some of these compounds can in...

Advancement in thermal three-dimensional printing techniques has greatly increased the possible applications of various materials in medical applications and tissue engineering. Yet, potential toxic effects on primary human cells have been rarely investigated. Therefore, we compared four materials commonly used in thermal printing for bioengineering, namely thermally printed acrylonitrile butad...

A parallel, offset-stacked orientation was found in the crystal packing of E,E-1,4-di(o-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-1,3-butadiene. UV-irradiation of the powered crystalline sample resulted in a quantitative conversion to a single [2 + 2] cycloaddition product.

Although 1,3-butadiene hydrogenation is known to be a structure-sensitive reaction, correlation of the catalytic activity with the exact Pd particle surface structure shows that the reaction is in fact particle size independent.

The cis-trans photoisomerization of cis,cis-1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene in a soft isopentane glass at 77 K gives significant two-bond photoisomerization in contrast to solution and hard glassy media where only one-bond photoisomerization takes place.

Each olefin (ethylene, trans-1,3-butadiene, isoprene, dimethyl butadiene (DMB)) and ozone molecules were codeposited on a CsI window at cryogenic temperature, the products of photolysis with ultraviolet–visible light observed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The C2H4–O3 system could be assigned to glyoxal (CHO–CHO), ethylene oxide (c–C2H4O), CO, CO2. formation CHO–CHO c–C2H4 absen...