Volatile fatty acids are the most important intermediates in anaerobic digestion, and their degradations are extremely complicated thermodynamically. In this research, syntrophic anaerobic digestion of volatile fatty acids using enriched acetogenic and methanogenic cultures in a batch reactor at mesophilic conditions was investigated. Interactive effects of key microbiological and operating var...

End-product inhibition is a key factor limiting the production of organic acid during fermentation. Two rounds of heavy-ion beam irradiation may be an inexpensive, indispensable and reliable approach to increase the production of butyric acid during industrial fermentation processes. However, studies of the application of heavy ion radiation for butyric acid fermentation engineering are lacking...

Polyoxometalate-bis-pyrene receptors for phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) provide an interfacial layer (IFL) material enhancing the open circuit voltage of organic photovoltaic device about 34% under applied bias ±5 V.

To define the interactions between the absorption of glycyl-L-sarcosine (Gly-Sar; .1mM) and glycine, L-methionylglycine, glycyl-L-leucine, L-carnosine, or Lmethionylglycyl-L-methionyl-L-methionine (each at 5 mM), ovine omasal epithelium was collected from eight wethers (avg. BW = 69 kg) and mounted in parabiotic chambers. [1,2]-[C]Glycyl-L-sarcosine was used as a marker to monitor the presence ...

BACKGROUND Bacteria are implicated in certain forms of model chronic colitis but the identity and role of bacteria in human ulcerative colitis (UC) are uncertain. AIMS To isolate pathogenic bacteria from inflamed mucosa of patients with UC, to examine whether the bacteria have a toxin to Vero cells, and to determine whether the toxin induces UC-like lesions in animals. METHODS Bacteria were...

The metabolic fate of potassium dodecyl [(35)S]sulphate was studied in rats. Intraperitoneal and oral administration of the ester into free-ranging animals were followed by the excretion of the bulk of the radioactivity in the urine within 12hr., approximately 17% being eliminated as inorganic [(35)S]sulphate. Similar results were obtained in experiments in which potassium dodecyl [(35)S]sulpha...

Three hundred bacterial isolates from soil were tested for resistance against phosphinothricin [PPT; dl-homoalanin-4-yl(methyl)phosphinic acid], the active ingredient of the herbicide BASTA. Eight resistant bacterial strains and Escherichia coli were analyzed for PPT-transforming activities. At least three different enzymatic reactions could be detected in cell extracts. In six strains an acety...