The majority of natural gases are mixtures of saturated hydrocarbons where methane prevails; they come from underground accumulations of gases alone or gases associated with oil. There are thus as many compositions of natural gases as exploited hydrocarbon layers. Apart from the methane which is the prevailing element, the crude natural gas usually contains decreasing volumetric percentages of ...

The heteronuclear oxo-cluster [VPO4](•+) is generated via electrospray ionization and investigated with respect to both its electronic structure as well as its gas-phase reactivity toward small hydrocarbons, thus permitting a comparison to the well-known vanadium-oxide cation [V2O4](•+). As described in previous studies, the latter oxide exhibits no or just minor reactivity toward small hydroca...

We have used a combined photochemicalcondensation model to study hydrocarbon ices produced from CH4 photolysis in the stratosphere of Neptune. We predict a total stratospheric haze production rate of 4.2 X 10-15 grams cm -2 s -1 (75% ethane, 25% acetylene, trace diacetylene). The total production rate is insensitive to within a factor of two to order of magnitude changes in the eddy diffusion c...

The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) provides spectrally resolved limb radiance measurements from the upper troposphere to the mesosphere. Under cloud free conditions, these spectral radiances are used to retrieve global distributions of mixing ratios of atmospheric trace species down to the upper troposphere. From 21 October to 14 November 2003, MIPAS observed ...

H 9 : Mg : Cl = 0,152 : 0,575 : 1,080, d.h. es lag ein Gemisch von 0,152 Mol ,HMgCl‘ mit 0,423 Mol MgCl2 (beide solvatisiert mit THF) vor. Bei der Bestimmung des aktiven Wasserstoffs wurde eine mit fl. N2 gekühlte, mit Kieselgel gefüllte Falle vorgeschaltet um eventuell bei der Hydrolyse freigesetztes Äthan (C2H5MgCl = HCl —> C2H6 + MgCl2) vom gebildeten Wasserstoff ab­ zutrennen. In keinem Ver...

Electron cloud is a serious limitation for the operation of particle accelerators with intense positively charged beams. It occurs if the secondary electron yield (SEY) of the beam-pipe surface is sufficiently high to induce an electron multiplication. At low surface temperatures, the SEY is strongly influenced by the nature of the physisorbed gases and by the corresponding surface coverage. Th...

In this study, human feces were hydrothermal liquefied and converted into biocrude over Ni-Tm/TiO2 catalyst. The influence of catalysts, reaction temperature, and holding time on the distribution of products and element content of biocrude was assessed. The biocrude yield increased to 53.16% with a reaction temperature of 330 °C, a holding time of 30 min, and adding Ni-Tm/TiO2 catalyst while th...

The paper presents the studies of ethane and propane/air plasma assisted combustion at a pressure of 60 torr and temperature 300K. O atoms in the plasma have been measured as a function of time after a single discharge pulse using TALIF (Two photon laser induced fluorescence) at 60 torr and temperature of 300 K for these mixtures at various equivalence ratios. A plasma chemistry model of hydroc...