OBJECTIVE Renal calculus disease is associated with recurrence after its surgical removal in large number of cases. Kulattha is acclaimed to have litholytic property in ayurvedic literature. We decided to compare the litholytic property of Kulattha with potassium citrate, an agent used to reduce stone recurrence in modern medicine. METHODS Forty seven patients with diagnosis of calcium oxalat...

X-ray powder diffraction was used to study the phase composition of human renal calculi. The stones were collected from 56 donors in Vitória, Espírito Santo state, southeastern Brazil. An XRD phase quantification revealed that 61% of the studied renal stones were composed exclusively of calcium oxalate 34% formed only by calcium oxalate monohydrate COM and 27% presents both monohydrate and dihy...

Renal tubular fluid in the distal nephron of the kidney is supersaturated with calcium oxalate (CaOx), which crystallizes in the tubules as either calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) or calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD). Kidney stones are aggregates, most commonly containing microcrystals of COM as the primary inorganic constituent. Stones also contain small amounts of embedded proteins, which are ...

PURPOSE Nephrocalcinosis is commonly present in primary hyperparathyroidism, distal renal tubular acidosis and medullary sponge kidney disease. To our knowledge it has not been studied in patients with calcium phosphate stones who do not have systemic disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy who had calcium phosphate or calcium oxalate stones ...

Abstract Background Patients with idiopathic calcium oxalate stones are advised to consume a low-oxalate diet prevent recurrence. In this study, on patients we have attempted determine the effect of content formation crystals in urine by vitro supersaturation study fresh postprandial samples and observing morphology formed using polarized optical microscopy. Methods The trial was conducted as p...

BACKGROUND Though resveratrol is known to have anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, the inhibitory mechanism of resveratrol in kidney stone formation has not been elucidated so far. METHOD ELISA, flow cytometry, RT-PCR, and western blotting were performed. Human renal epithelial cells (HRCs) and rats with ethylene glycol (EG)-induced kidney stones were us...

Transl Androl Urol 2014;3(3):255 www.amepc.org/tau Several theories exist regarding the pathogenesis of urinary calculi, and the early incipient events leading to calculus formation remain the most controversial. The authors detail a theory by which microscopic Randall plaques (RP) lead to calcium oxalate calculi in idiopathic calcium oxalate stone formers (1). Outlined is a process by which RP...

Two hundred twelve samples from 90 stones obtained from one hundred consecutive children with bladder stone disease (BSD) were analysed by qualitative and quantitative chemical methods. Majority (72%) of the stones were spherical in shape while 51% had mammilated surface. Children in older age group had heavier stones (P <0.05). The calculi were predominantly of mixed type (88.9%). Calcium oxal...

Uninephrectomy (uNX) usually induces compensatory hyperfunction of the remaining kidney in an attempt to preserve the homeostasis of body fluid composition. The present study used uninephrectomized Sprague-Dawley rats on a lithogenic diet (0.5% ethylene glycol, EG) to evaluate the influence on urinary stone formation and calcium oxalate crystal deposition of compensatory excretion of lithogenic...