Aim: This in vitro study was performed to evaluate the apical transportation between Hyflex files, Twisted files and Protaper next single file rotary system by motic imaging. Materials & Methods: Sixty Endo Training Blocks were used in the study. Pre instrumentation photos of the simulated apical foramen are recorded using an optical microscope and then coupled into the motic imaging software a...

The study aimed to compare the shaping effects, preservation of the original curvature, and transportation of the apical foramen of Reciproc (VDW, Munich, Germany), UnicOne (Medin, Nové Město na Moravě, Czech Republic), and Protaper Universal (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) in simulated root canals. Thirty resin blocks with simulated curved root canals were distributed into three ...

Abstract
 Aim:
 To compare and evaluate the effect of glide path creation with Nitiflex hand K- file, Proglider Path file on canal transportation concentricity in apically curved canals.
 Objectives:
 degree between:
 1) Glide preparation hand-K vs followed by combination Hyflex EDM CM instrumentation
 2) 3) hand- K Materials methods:
 Forty ISO 20, 0.02 taper...

The Grand Canal of China, as a traffic artery in ancient has exerted profound influence on the development cities, towns and rural settlements along it. Now, with China’s rapid urbanization, numerous canal are confronted problems like slow cognition cultural heritage, loss local culture damage historical relics. Hence, research protection updating settlement space is urgent need. This paper, ta...

Turkish Straits -- Dardanelles and Bosphorus are one of the most important passages maritime transportation world. Connecting Black Sea countries to Mediterranean world, these natural sea not vital only for economy security but also future region world peace. They dangerous difficult cruise seaways with powerful streams, sharp routes high traffic. The president Turkey started in 2011 a disputed...

They found that utilisation of standard instruments in either reaming and/or filing produced preparations that were irregular in shape, and were not continuously tapering. The narrowest part of the canal, the so-called ‘elbow’, was located at a point coronal to the apex or foramen. In addition, the foramen often displayed transportation, which was called the ‘apical zip’. These characteristics ...

Nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments are commonly used for shaping the root canal system in endodontic practice. They are more flexible and have better cutting efficiency than conventional stainless steel files. The superelasticity of NiTi rotary files allows the clinicians to produce the desirable tapered root canal form with a reduced tendency to canal transportation and instrument fracture. Hy...