Signaling pathways belong to a complex system of communication that governs cellular processes. They represent signal transduction from an extracellular stimulus through a receptor to intracellular mediators, as well as intracellular interactions. Any alteration in signaling cascade often leads to changes in cell function and cause many diseases, including cancer. Lung cancer is common complica...

Most of the colorectal cancer (CRC) cases are sporadic, only 25% of the patients have a family history of the disease, and major genes causing syndromes predisposing to CRC only account for 5-6% of the total cases. The following subtypes can be recognized: MIN (microsatellite instability), CIN (chromosomal instability), and CIMP (CpG island methylator phenotype). CIN occurs in 80-85% of CRC. Ch...

A germline mutation in cancer predisposing genes is known to increase the risk of more than one tumor type. In order to find loci associated with many types of cancer, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted, and 3,555 Swedish cancer cases and 15,581 controls were analyzed for 226,883 SNPs. The study used haplotype analysis instead of single SNP analysis in order to find putative f...

Genomically distal mutations can contribute to the deregulation of cancer genes by engaging in chromatin interactions. To study this, we overlay viral cancer-causing insertions obtained in a murine retroviral insertional mutagenesis screen with genome-wide chromatin conformation capture data. Here we find that insertions tend to cluster in 3D hotspots within the nucleus. The identified hotspots...

Gene fusions are common cancer-causing mutations, but the molecular principles by which fusion protein products affect interaction networks and cause disease are not well understood. Here, we perform an integrative analysis of the structural, interactomic, and regulatory properties of thousands of putative fusion proteins. We demonstrate that genes that form fusions (i.e., parent genes) tend to...

The epigenetics of methylated and unmethylated DCR1 DCR2 (decoy receptors 1 2) are genes encoding membrane that can bind to TRAIL causing inhibition in the apoptotic pathway. Epigenetic detection was developed as a biomarker breast cancer. One methods is using PCR. most important step PCR process determination annealing temperature. This research performs Tm analysis insilico program from Neb, ...

pancreatic cancer (pc) is a progressive, fatal disease with a high degree of malignancy. more than 40000 peoplediefrom this cancer annually in the united states. as a multifactorial condition, pc has a complex nature, and there are several genes and signalingpathwaysimplicated in pc pathogenesis and progression. there are diffèrent mutations in master genesincludingtumorsuppressors and oncogene...

Cancer is a disease of major impact in world health of which gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) is the most common cancer causing high mortality. According to a report by National Cancer Registry in 2011, a total of 18 219 new cancer incidences were diagnosed among Malaysian population in 2007. Colorectal cancer was recorded as second highest percentage of cancer that occurred in Malaysians after br...