An easy, one-step procedure is proposed for the synthesis of highly porous carbon nanosheets with an excellent performance as supercapacitor electrodes. The procedure is based on the carbonization of an organic salt, i.e., potassium citrate, at a temperature in the 750-900 °C range. In this way, carbon particles made up of interconnected carbon nanosheets with a thickness of <80 nm are obtained...

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a novel thermochemical conversion process to convert lignocellulosic biomass into value-added products. In this work, two different biomass materials: corn stalk and Tamarix ramosissima were used as feedstock. HTC processes were performed at the temperature of 250 °C for 4 h, using a batch reactor system. Chemical and structural characterization of the solid ...

A simple carbonization procedure is proposed for the synthesis of hierarchical nanoporous carbons with controllable pore size and effective surface area as electrode materials for high-performance electrochemical double-layer capacitors. The procedure is based on the carbonization of interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) composed of cross-linked polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate)...

A kind of web-like carbon with interconnected nanoribbons was fabricated using bacterial cellulose pyrolyzed at various temperatures, and the microwave dielectric properties were investigated. Bacterial cellulose was converted into carbonized bacterial cellulose (CBC) with a novel three-dimensional web built of entangled and interconnected cellulose ribbons when the carbonization temperature wa...

The production of dry-grind corn ethanol results in the generation of intermediate products, thin and whole stillage, which require energy-intensive downstream processing for conversion into commercial animal feed products. Hydrothermal carbonization of thin and whole stillage coupled with anaerobic digestion was investigated as alternative processing methods that could benefit the industry. By...

This study aimed to identify the metal flow in a municipal solid waste (MSW) management system. Outputs of a resource recovery facility, refuse derived fuel (RDF) production facility, carbonization facility, plastics liquefaction facility, composting facility, and bio-gasification facility were analyzed for metal content and leaching concentration. In terms of metal content, bulky and incombust...

We propose a novel technique of integrating silica nanowires to carbon microelectrode arrays on silicon substrates. The silica nanowires were grown on photoresist-derived three-dimensional carbon microelectrode arrays during carbonization of patterned photoresist in a tube furnace at 1000 °C under a gaseous environment of N(2) and H(2) in the presence of Cu catalyst, sputtered initially as a th...

Macro/mesoporous carbon monoliths with a graphitic framework were synthesized by carbonizing polymeric monoliths of poly(benzoxazine-co-resol). The overall synthesis process consists of the following steps: a) the preparation of polymeric monoliths by copolymerization of resorcinol and formaldehyde with a polyamine (tetraethylenepentamine), b) doping the polymer with a metallic salt of Fe, Ni o...