the major limitation in the application of bioactive molecule is their low permeation across plasma membrane. in 1988 it was discovered, that a natural polycationic protein, the trans-acting activator of transcription (tat) of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1), passed very efficiently through cell membrane of cultured mammalian cells. tat became known as the first cell penetrating peptid...

Partners in kinesin activation I t takes two to turn on a kinesin, say Blasius et al. on page 11. Kinesin-1 motoring on microtubules requires cargo plus a second binding partner to relieve the motor of its inhibited conformation. On its own, Kinesin-1 is an inactive motor. Inhibition of the solitary motor probably ensures that it is not needlessly burning ATP or clogging up the microtubule road...

The globalization of production and the geographic dispersion of economic activity have elevated the importance of the transportation and logistics sectors of the economy. One sector in particular that has experienced significant expansion is maritime transport and container shipping. As the cargo has become increasingly “discretionary” such that it can conceivably be transported through any po...

Prokaryotic nanocompartments, also known as encapsulins, are a recently discovered proteinaceous organelle-like compartment in prokaryotes that compartmentalize cargo enzymes. While initial studies have begun to elucidate the structure and physiological roles of bioinformatic evidence suggests great diversity encapsulin nanocompartments remains unexplored. Here, we describe novel freshwater cya...

Selective protein export from the endoplasmic reticulum is mediated by COPII vesicles. Here, we investigated the dynamics of fluorescently labelled cargo and non-cargo proteins during COPII vesicle formation using single-molecule microscopy combined with an artificial planar lipid bilayer. Single-molecule analysis showed that the Sar1p-Sec23/24p-cargo complex, but not the Sar1p-Sec23/24p comple...

A double forecasting model based on conditional expectation is proposed through probability distribution of port cargo throughput. A compound variable, being composed of the number of cargo ships arriving at the port and the operating efficiency of handling equipment, is constructed. The port cargo throughput is the sum of all compound variables which indicated the cargo throughput each time wh...

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the site of synthesis of secreted and membrane proteins. To exit the ER, proteins are packaged into COPII vesicles through direct interaction with the COPII coat or aided by specific cargo receptors. Despite the fundamental role of such cargo receptors in protein traffic, only a few have been identified; their cargo spectrum is unknown and the signals they reco...

an elliptical tank cross-section is formulated to explore and optimization method, based on a real-coded genetic algorithm to enhance the roll stability limit of a tank vehicle. a shape genetic algorithm optimization problem is applied to minimize the overturning moment imposed on the vehicle due to c.g. height of the liquid load, and lateral acceleration and cargo load shift . the minimization...