Complex spikes are high-frequency bursts of Na+ spikes, often riding on a slower Ca2+-dependent waveform. Although complex spikes may propagate into axons, given their unusual shape it is not clear how reliably these bursts reach nerve terminals, whether their spikes are efficiently transmitted as a cluster of postsynaptic responses, or what function is served by such a concentrated postsynapti...

Primary low grade marginal zone B cell lymphoma (MZL) of the breast and localised mammary amyloidosis are exceedingly rare entities. This report describes the case of a woman with long standing Sjögren’s syndrome presenting with asymptomatic MZL of the breast showing plasmacytic differentiation, associated with local ductular amyloidosis. The lesion was discovered incidentally in breast tissue ...

Berlin and Bowen (2) observed paired centrioles adjacent to nuclei in vegetative hyphae, sporangiophores, and sporangia in the fungus Albugo candida. The centrioles were arranged end-to-end on the same axis "with little or no angle between them." Later these same authors suggested that the centrioles in an end-to-end orientation appeared to be in the process of replication (3) . Turner (11) not...

The probability of plunging orbits is enhanced in groups of galaxies and indeed, observations show that ring galaxies, which are believed to form when a galaxy passes through the center of a larger rotating disk, are often found in small groups. Numerical simulations combined with a knowledge of the large-scale Hi distribution provide strong constraints on the dynamical history of these systems...

Duplication of centrioles, namely the formation of a procentriole next to the parental centriole, is regulated by the polo-like kinase Plk4. Only a few other proteins, including STIL (SCL/TAL1 interrupting locus, SIL) and Sas-6, are required for the early step of centriole biogenesis. Following Plk4 activation, STIL and Sas-6 accumulate at the cartwheel structure at the initial stage of the cen...

Synthesizing controllers for rotational movements in feature space is an open research problem and is particularly challenging because of the need to precisely regulate the character’s global orientation, angular momentum and inertia. This paper presents feature-based controllers for a wide variety of rotational movements, including cartwheels, dives and flips. We show that the controllers can ...

Formation of one procentriole next to each pre-existing centriole is essential for centrosome duplication, robust bipolar spindle assembly and maintenance of genome integrity. However, the mechanisms maintaining strict control over centriole copy number are incompletely understood. Here we show that Plk4 and STIL, the key regulators of centriole formation, form a protein complex that provides a...

The clinical distinction between basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and intradermal melanocytic nevus lesions on the face can be difficult, particularly in young patients or patients with multiple nevi. Dermoscopy is a useful tool for analyzing characteristic dermoscopic features of BCC, such as cartwheel structures, maple leaf-like areas, blue-gray nests and dots, and ulceration. It also reveals arbor...

We report the first detection of flux variability in the most luminous X-ray source in the southern ring of the Cartwheel galaxy. XMM–Newton data show that the luminosity has varied over a timescale of six months from L0.5−10keV ∼ 1.3× 10 41 erg s, consistent with the previous Chandra observation, to L0.5−10keV ∼ < 6.4× 10 erg s. This fact provides the first evidence that the source is compact ...

Aims: The study cytomorphologic features that distinguish cystic papillary thyroid carcinoma from other cystic thyroid lesions. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in the department of pathology in a tertiary care health centre in north India over the period of one year. Results: Total 70 lesions showed cystic degeneration were included in the study. Out of 70 cases 18 were malign...