Abstract This paper aims to understand whether a shift towards more balanced cash transfer and service-based welfare system is valuable in terms of reducing income inequality what factors mostly contribute the evolution. To examine this, I first impute monetary values in-kind benefits then reassess Gini coefficients across countries regimes. also compare role transfers by functions and, importa...

a r t i c l e i n f o Recent facts on the importance of corporate losses motivate more careful study of the impact of tax incentives for investment on firms that lose money. I model firm investment decisions in a setting featuring financing constraints and carrybacks and carryforwards of operating losses. I estimate investment responses to tax incentives allowing effects to vary with cash flows...

BACKGROUND There is universal agreement that higher mortality goes with lower income. Opinions differ on causality: the association may reflect the damaging effect of poverty on health and survival chances. Conversely, it may reflect selection/reverse causation: low income indicates health problems, and from health problems follow a higher risk of dying. METHODS We studied all deaths in Norwa...

This study aims to examine cash basis income (LRA-income) and accrual (LO-income) in the financial statement of provincial gov ernments Indonesia. The sample this used 33 provinces Indonesia within a period 10 years from 2010-2019. results indicate that there is significant difference increase total LRA-LRA LRA-LO LKPD before after application based SAP. There local revenue accrual-based taxes ...

Dividends distribution of Chinese listed companies is irregular, and the level of dividends can’t match that of earnings persistence. This paper empirically investigates the relationship between dividends distribution, including payout policy and level of cash dividends, and earnings persistence. Different from current literature, this paper is the first to investigate the relationship between ...

The IASB comprehensive income project extends the ‘fair value’ measurement concept from the balance sheet into the income statement. This article extends prior research, primarily based on Anglo-Saxon countries, by using a comprehensive data set of 56,700 European firm years over sixteen countries. We find that other comprehensive income provides incremental information to investors – due to un...

Using data for Italy, I show that cash thresholds forbid the use of big transactions are effective tools to reduce income and circulation. Less income, in turn, hinders tax evasion. present an estimate increase revenue implied by empirically estimated reduction determined thresholds.

Material wealth is a key factor shaping human development and well-being. Every year, hundreds of studies in social science and policy fields assess material wealth in low- and middle-income countries assuming that there is a single dimension by which households can move from poverty to prosperity. However, a one-dimensional model may miss important kinds of prosperity, particularly in countrie...