The deployment of photocatalysis for remediation water has not yet been realized, although laboratory-scale studies have demonstrated promise. Accomplishing this requires the development as a process, including studying its efficiencies in remedying when high volumes are processed, and addressing recovery, possible regeneration reuse photocatalysts. To that end, work is aimed at demonstrating u...

The effects of electronic properties of inner and outer surfaces of Carbon Nano Tubes (CNTs) on the deactivation of cobalt Fischer-Tropsch (FT) catalysts were studied. The comparative characterization of the fresh and used catalysts by TEM, XRD, TPR, BET and H2 chemisorption showed that cobalt re-oxidation, cobalt-support interactions and sintering are the main sources o...

Emulsion-enhanced biphasic esterification has proven to be applicable for carboxylic acid recovery from dilute aqueous process streams. The is esterified with 1-octanol in an emulsified regime 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonic (4-DBSA) or Ni(DBSA)2 as catalyst. After phase separation, the laden solvent must regenerated. This study presents a regeneration concept based on reactive distillation transester...

Mixed-ligand ruthenium(II) complex with 2,2′-bipyridine and 1,10-phenanthroline-3,8-dicarboxylic acid the composition [Ru(phen-C)(bpy)2]Cl2·5H2O (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine, phen-C 1,10-phenantroline-3,8-dicarboxylic acid) has been synthesized characterized by spectral data. The tested as photocatalyst in aerobic oxidation reactions, including transformation of arylboronic acids to phenols, primary ...

Nanostructured Cu(x)Zn(1-x)Al(2)O(4) with a Cu:Zn ratio of ¼:¾ has been prepared by a microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis at 150 °C and used as a precursor for Cu/ZnO/Al(2)O(3)-based catalysts. The spinel nanoparticles exhibit an average size of approximately 5 nm and a high specific surface area (above 250 m(2) g(-1)). Cu nanoparticles of an average size of 3.3 nm can be formed by reduct...

Beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+/NADH) is an important enzymatic co-factor that can be efficiently regenerated using a rhodium-based catalyst as electron transfer mediator (ie, [Cp*Rh(bpy)Cl]+, where Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl and bpy 2,2-bipyridine). Here, the above mediated regeneration of NADH implemented in redox flow bioreactor hybridized with gas diffusion electrode for...

Different acid catalysts (silicoaluminophosphates (SAPOs) -34, −18, and − 11, HZSM-5 zeolite) were tested as components of In2O3-ZrO2/acid tandem in the direct synthesis light olefins by hydrogenation CO2, CO their mixture. The conversion yield selectivity evidence that presence large amount strongly acidic sites SAPO-34 favors extent reaction mechanism with methanol intermediate, minimizing se...

This paper argues that innovation can be best understood as an information process which is then concretized as a product that meets demand. Two very different firms, Canon Inc. and Apple Computer Inc., are used as case study illustrations. Innovation does not proceed through logical deduction, but rather is furthered by the use of metaphors and analogies. The bureaucratic and staid structures ...