This paper presents a computational model of a single chamber, air-cathode MFC. The model considers losses due to mass transport, as well as biological and electrochemical reactions, in both the anode and cathode half-cells. Computational fluid dynamics and Monod-Nernst analysis are incorporated into the reactions for the anode biofilm and cathode Pt catalyst and biofilm. The integrated model p...

The development of inexpensive electrocatalysts that can promote the reduction of CO2 to CO with high selectivity, efficiency, and large current densities is an important step on the path to renewable production of liquid carbon-based fuels. While precious metals such as gold and silver have historically been the most active cathode materials for CO2 reduction, the price of these materials prec...

A model for the transient electrochemical performance of a conical pore in cathode catalyst layer low–Pt PEM fuel cell is developed. The separated from Pt surface by thin ionomer film. equation oxygen diffusion along coupled to proton conservation film derived. Numerical solution static equations shows superior as compared cylindrical with equivalent electrochemically active area. Equations imp...

One factor limiting solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) performance is the degradation of chromium containing, ferritic stainless steel, interconnects during operation. When chromium-containing steels are used as interconnect materials a chromium oxide layer forms on the surface. Under SOFC operating conditions (Cathode gas 800oC and 2.5-3.1% H2O) chromium ions are vaporized by the cathode gas and red...

The new ball-type metallo bisphthalocyanines (Co(2)Pc(2) and Zn(2)Pc(2)) were synthesized from the corresponding [4,4'-bis(dicoumaroylphthalonitrile)] which can be obtained from the reaction of 3,3'-methylenebis(4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one) and 4-nitrophthalonitrile. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds have been confirmed and characterized by elemental analysis, UV/Vis, IR and (1)H...

The long-term efficiency of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) is largely restricted by the instability of catalyst nanoparticles during fuel cell operation. Due to their large surface area-tovolume ratio, Pt and Pt-alloy nanoparticles have a strong tendency to grow in size over short time scales, which lead to a reduction in their electrochemically-active surface area, and consequentl...

Neutron imaging of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) revealed distinct patterns of water fronts moving through the gas diffusion layers (GDL) and channels [1]. The PEMFC was operating with dead-ended, straight and almost vertically-oriented anode channels; hence the gravity driven accumulation of liquid water at the end of the channel caused flooding in an upward direction. In or...

Carbon-supported Pt–Au (Pt–Au/C) catalyst is prepared separately by impregnation, colloidal and micro-emulsion methods, and characterized by physical and electrochemical methods. Highest catalytic activity towards oxygen-reduction reaction (ORR) is exhibited by Pt–Au/C catalyst prepared by colloidal method. The optimum atomic ratio of Pt to Au in Pt–Au/C catalyst prepared by colloidal method is...

The performance of high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFC) is critically dependent on the selection of materials and optimization of individual components. A conventional high-temperature membrane electrode assembly (HT-MEA) primarily consists of a polybenzimidazole (PBI)-type membrane containing phosphoric acid and two gas diffusion electrodes (GDE), the anode and t...

Visible-light-responsive layered titanium dioxide/tin indium oxide (TiO2/ITO) catalysts prepared on unheated glass slides by DC magnetron sputtering were investigated in this study. Transmittance spectra of the catalyst revealed that an interference pattern gradually appeared at wavelengths of 550-650 nm which indicated a strong light absorption up to this region. The red-shift may be ascribed ...