BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Pseudomonas aeruginosa possessing chromosomally inducible blaPDCalong with other intrinsic mechanism causes infection with high mortality rate. It is difficult to detect inducible AmpC enzymes in this organism and is usually overlooked by routine testing that may lead to therapeutic failure. Therefore, three different inducers were evaluated in the present study to asses...

Two mechanisms account for AmpC activity in Escherichia coli, namely, mutations in the ampC promoter and attenuator regions resulting in ampC overexpression and acquisition of plasmid-carried ampC genes. In this study, we analyzed 51 clinical E. coli isolates with reduced susceptibility to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, piperacillin-tazobactam, or extended-spectrum cephalosporins for the presence...

The present study was conducted to evaluate the performance of cefoxitin disc diffusion method and oxacillin broth microdilution method for detection of methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), taking presence of mecA gene as reference. In addition, inducible clindamycin resistance and beta-lactamase production were studied and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of vancomycin for S. aureus i...

An experimental Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia in rats was used to study the effect of protein binding of cefoxitin and cefazolin on their therapeutic activity. Both cephalosporins were similar with respect to their antimicrobial activity against the K. pneumoniae in vitro, but they differed in their degree of protein binding, being 34% for cefoxitin and 89 to 93% for cefazolin in uninfected r...

Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. was considered nonpathogenic until the emergence of multiresistance and the demonstration of their participation as infectious agents. In Brazil, oxacillin resistance may be present in over 80% of isolates, and the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute standardized a disk-diffusion method to predict this resistance in Staphylococcus. The aim of this ...

Infections caused by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a growing problem. Medical students are at risk of getting infected by MRSA during their training due to exposure with infected patients and may be a source of transmission for other patients. Therefore it may be important to know nasal carriage of MRSA among medical students going for clinical posting. This prospective ...

Cefbuperazone was compared with other currently available and investigational antibiotics against 278 clinical isolates of anaerobic gram-negative bacilli by an agar dilution method. Cefbuperazone and cefotetan were equally active against Bacteroides fragilis, with 8% of the organisms tested found to be resistant to 32 micrograms of either drug per ml. Cefoperazone, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and...

DHA-1, a plasmid-mediated cephalosporinase from a single clinical Salmonella enteritidis isolate, conferred resistance to oxyimino-cephalosporins (cefotaxime and ceftazidime) and cephamycins (cefoxitin and moxalactam), and this resistance was transferable to Escherichia coli HB101. An antagonism was observed between cefoxitin and aztreonam by the diffusion method. Transformation of the transcon...