The net written premiums for the workers’ compensation industry, and its share in the overall commercial lines of business, have steadily declined between 2007 and 2010. Net written premiums have plummeted 33% from $48 billion at year-end 2006 to $32 at year-end 2010. In 2011, the industry-wide loss ratio for workers’ compensation insurance in the U.S. increased to 118.1%. This is the highest l...

Uplink power control in Long Term Evolution consists of an open-loop scheme handled by the User Equipment and closed-loop power corrections determined and signaled by the network.Open-loop fractional power control for the user located in the vicinity of the serving eNodeB show high throughput, however,steep performance degradation has been observed when the user is moving towards the cell edge....

AbstractIn this paper we will study the various method of dispersion compensation in single mode fiber created because of dependence of group index to wavelength known as chromatic dispersion. Various methods of dispersion compensation are Dispersion compensation fiber (DCF) which compensates dispersion at 1310nm and 1550 nm and Fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) which compensate dispersion at waveleng...