The differential pharmacological responsiveness of cephalic and extra-cephalic neuropathic pain has been proposed to relate to distinct mechanisms that may involve neuroinflammatory reactions mediated by glial cells. Astrocytes are particularly important for neuronal sensitization in neuropathic pain, in part through modulation of glutamatergic transmission. Because the metabotropic glutamate r...

Cephalic index is an important parameter in evaluating racial and gender differences. A large body of evidence shows a clear racial variation in cephalic index. Therefore detailed knowledge of the population specific data on biometric features of the cranium is important in the study and comparison of the crania of populations from different racial backgrounds, assessing growth and development ...

Chapter 4 Abstract OBJECTIVE To examine if we could identify factors that predict caesarean section and instrumental vaginal delivery in women who had a successful external cephalic version. METHODS We used data from a previous randomized trial among 25 hospitals and their referring midwife practices in the Netherlands. With the data of this trial we performed a cohort study among women attempt...

OBJECTIVE To systematically review the literature on external cephalic version-related complications and to assess if the outcome of a version attempt is related to complications. DATA SOURCES In March 2007 we searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION Studies reporting on complications from an external cephalic version attem...

INTRODUCTION expansion of advanced and specialist midwifery practitioner roles across professional boundaries requires an evidence-based framework to evaluate achievement and maintenance of competency. In order to develop the role of Breech Specialist Midwife to include the autonomous performance of external cephalic version within one hospital, guidance was required on standards of training an...

Four new species of marine nematodes were collected from the continental shelf of the Potiguar Basin in northeastern Brazil. Zalonema vicentei sp. n. and Zalonema mariae sp. n. are characterized by having multispiral fovea amphidialis, lateral alae and ventral ala. These features also are found in Pseudochromadora, Desmodorella and Psammonema. They differ in the cephalic arrangement, and shape ...