Both conventional and negative Poisson's ratio foams exhibit dispersion of acoustic waves as well as cut-off frequencies at which the group velocity tends to zero. This macroscopic behavior is attributed to micro-vibration of the foam cell ribs. The purpose of this article is to develop a micromechanical model of the cut-off frequency. This model is based on the resonance of ribs which may be s...

CFD analysis of 2-dimensional artificially roughened solar air heater duct with additional circular vortex generator, inserted in inlet section is carried out. Circular transverse ribs on the absorber plate are placed as usual. The analysis is done to investigate the effect of inserting additional vortex generator on the heat transfer and flow friction characteristics inside the solar air heate...

The current hypothesis regarding the mechanics of breathing in crocodylians is that the double-headed ribs, with both a capitulum and tuberculum, rotate about a constrained axis passing through the two articulations; moreover, this axis shifts in the caudal thoracic ribs, as the vertebral parapophysis moves from the centrum to the transverse process. Additionally, the ventral ribcage in crocody...

The traditional view that all parts of the ribs originate from the sclerotome of the thoracic somites has recently been challenged by an alternative view suggesting that only the proximal rib derives from the sclerotome, while the distal rib arises from regions of the dermomyotome. In view of this continuing controversy and to learn more about the cell interactions during rib morphogenesis, thi...

The purpose of this study was to analyze the dosimetry and investigate the clinical outcomes of radiation-induced rib fractures (RIRFs) after stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). A total of 126 patients with Stage I primary lung cancer treated with SBRT, who had undergone follow-up computed tomography (CT) at least 12 months after SBRT and who had no previous overlapping radiation exposure we...

Mural thrombus in the internal carotid artery is a source of emboli to the retinal and cerebral arteries, causing transient or permanent blindness and hemiplegia (Gunning et al., 1946b); thrombi in subclavian arteries damaged by cervical ribs form emboli which lodge in the digital arteries, inducing ischaemia of the fingers and thickened intima (Gunning et al., 1964a). Emboli from mural thrombi...

Gsc-1 expression marks cells with Spemann organizer, or axis-inducing, activity in the vertebrate gastrula. Gsc-1 knockouts, however, did not display phenotypes related to the early phase of expression. In this paper, additional phenotypes for the Gsc-1 mouse mutant are presented. Examination of the base of the cranium in the dorsal view revealed fusions and deletions in the midline of the prec...

Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common differentiated type of thyroid malignancy. It is largely a loco-regional disease with a high tendency to metastasize to regional cervical lymph nodes. Distant hematogenous metastases are very rare and primarily include lungs and bones. Distant bone metastases are present in approximately 1.7% of patients with differentiated thyroid malignancy. Ster...