We present a new methodology for retrieving liquid water path over land using satellite microwave observations. As input, the technique exploits the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for earth observing plan (EOS) (AMSR-E) polarization-difference signals at 37 and 89 GHz. Regression analysis performed on model simulations indicates that over variable atmospheric and surface conditions the ...

Introduction of the virtual electrode polarization (VEP) theory suggested solutions to several century-old puzzles of heart electrophysiology including explanation of the mechanisms of stimulation and defibrillation. Bidomain theory predicts that VEPs should exist at any stimulus strength. Although the presence of VEPs for strong suprathreshold pulses has been well documented, their existence a...

This paper presents a non-binary polar coding scheme that can reach the equidistant distant spectrum bound for discrete memoryless channels. This is the best that can be reached up to now and is tight for additive white Gaussian channels. To do this, we first define the equidistant property for the polarizing transforms. We have designed transforms that have better distance characteristics usin...

In this paper, we present a weighted-polarization wearable multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna that is based on radiofrequency (RF) signal processing to realize ultra-high-speed and highcapacity mobile communications. The proposed antenna is comprised of three orthogonal dipoles, two of which can be selected according to a weight function in different usage scenarios. The weight funct...

In integrated photonics, the design goal of a polarization splitter/rotator (PSR) has been separating the TE0 and TM0 modes in a waveguide. This is a natural choice. But in theory, a PSR only needs to project the incoming State Of Polarization (SOP) orthogonally to its output ports, using any orthogonal mode basis set in the fiber. In this article, we introduce a novel PSR design that alternati...

Polarization sensitivity (PS) was examined in two classes of neurons, sustaining fibers and dimming fibers, in the medulla externa (second optic neuropile) of the crayfish, Pacifasticus leniusculus. Visual responses were recorded intracellularly and extracellularly. The influence of e-vector orientation (theta) was probed in steady-state responses, with brief flashes and with a rotating polariz...

In this paper, we perform two-dimensional simulations of cross-flow forward osmosis (FO) membrane modules in the presence of draw and feed channel spacers. For this purpose, the equations corresponding to the conservation of mass, momentum, and convection-diffusion for the mass fraction of solute are solved using a commercial finite volume flow solver. We consider six configurations of channel ...

The scalar top discovery potential has been studied with a full-statistics background simulation at √ s = 500 GeV and L = 500 fb−1 for the TESLA project. The beam polarization is very important to measure the scalar top mixing angle and to determine its mass. The latest estimation of the beam polarization parameters is applied. This study includes e polarization, which improves the sensitivity....

Polarization sensitivity is a characteristic of the visual system of cephalopods. It has been well documented in adult cuttlefish, which use polarization sensitivity in a large range of tasks such as communication, orientation and predation. Because cuttlefish do not benefit from parental care, their visual system (including the ability to detect motion) must be efficient from hatching to enabl...

The effective Hamiltonian for the decay b → s l + l − predicts a characteristic polarization for the final state lepton, which can serve as an important test of the underlying theory. The lepton polarization has, in addition to a longitudinal component P L , two orthogonal components P T and P N , lying in and perpendicular to the decay plane which are proportional to m l /m b , and therefore s...