The brightness and intensity of a circulating proton beam now can be increased up to space charge limit by means of charge exchange injection or by an electron cooling but cannot be increased above this limit. Significantly higher brightness can be produced by means of the charge exchange injection with the space charge compensation [1]. The brightness of the space charge compensated beam is li...

The charge transfer effect of different meso-substituted linkages on porphyrin analogue 1 (A1, B1 and C1) was theoretically investigated using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) calculations. The calculated geometry parameters and natural bond orbital analysis reveal that the twisted conformation between porphyrin macrocycle and meso-substituted linkages leads to blo...

Using ballistic-electron-emission spectroscopy (BEES), we directly determined the energy barrier for electron injection at clean interfaces of Alq(3) with Al and Fe to be 2.1 and 2.2 eV, respectively. We quantitatively modeled the sub-barrier BEES spectra with an accumulated space charge layer, and found that the transport of nonballistic electrons is consistent with random hopping over the inj...

 Using the SEM analysis technique, we present the first direct evidences of the non-uniform distribution of charges trapped in the dielectric layer during the actuation of electrostatic MEM devices. We highlight the importance of the contact quality to control the charge injection in the dielectric. We further incorporate the non-uniform charge distribution in a 2D model of the actuation of de...

In this paper, we report the advantage of using AC actuating signal for driving MEMS actuators instead of DC voltages. The study is based upon micro mirror devices used in digital mode for optical switching operation. When the pull-in effect is used, charge injection occurs when the micro mirror is maintained in the deflected position. To avoid this effect, a geometrical solution is to realize ...

Interfacial charge transfer from photoexcited ruthenium-based N3 dye molecules into ZnO thin films received controversial interpretations. To identify the physical origin for the delayed electron transfer in ZnO compared to TiO2, we probe directly the electronic structure at both dye-semiconductor interfaces by applying ultrafast XUV photoemission spectroscopy. In the range of pump-probe time d...

A high-performance inverted tandem organic light-emitting diode (OLED) based on a charge generation layer integrated with MoOx− and Ag-doped planar heterojunction is reported by Wei Shi, Bin Wei, Wai-Yeung Wong co-workers in article number 2200984. The injection enhances the concentration of carrier balances injection. work provides simple strategy to fabricate OLEDs high performance.

Abstract Within the field of spintronics major efforts are directed towards developing applications for spin-based transport devices made fully out two-dimensional materials. In this work we present an experimental realization a spin-valve device where generation spin signal is exclusively attributed to spin-dependent conductivity magnetic graphene resulting from proximity interlayer antiferrom...