The putative association between pesticide exposures and Parkinson's disease (PD) remains controversial. We identified all subjects who developed PD in Olmsted County, Minnesota, from 1976 through 1995, and matched them by age (+/- 1 year) and sex to general population controls. We assessed exposures to chemical products by means of telephone interview with cases, controls, or their proxies (14...

The major pesticides of the world are glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH), and their toxicity is highly debated. To understand their mode of action, the comparative herbicidal and toxicological effects of glyphosate (G) alone and 14 of its formulations were studied in this work, as a model for pesticides. GBH are mixtures of water, with commonly 36-48% G claimed as the active principle. As with o...

With the establishment of the National Institutes of Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology (BIOTECH), University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB) researches were done to look for cheaper and locally available but efficient substitutes or supplements to inorganic fertilizer, such as bio-fertilizers and bio-pesticides. Technologies on bio-fertilizers developed by UPLB include BIO-N, the most ...

The occurrence of pesticides in drinking water is a matter of growing concern in several parts of the world, mainly in developing countries, due to the possible adverse effects on human health and the environment. Pesticides applied in the agriculture, important source of contamination, can persist for several years in soil, be retained in agricultural products, be dispersed by the wind or reac...

Electrochemical immunosensors have emerged as a highly sensitive and rapid technique for chemical contaminants detection in environmental monitoring, food safety and quality control. This review concentrates on recent advances made in detection and quantification of chemical contaminants such as pesticides and antibiotics residues with electrochemical immunosensors. In this paper, the preparati...

Chemical pollutants include such things as petrochemicals, dissolved metals, fertilizers and organic pesticides. Chemical pollutants are most concentrated adjacent to heavily populated areas, industry, intensive agriculture and military activities. Consequently, the adverse impacts of marine pollution are most apparent in the nearshore environment (state and territorial waters) (Green 1997). Th...

Pesticides are the natural or synthetic agents designed to kill all types of pests. used in different fields like agriculture, forestry, aquaculture, food industry etc. Due its gross use these pesticides threaten public health and ecosystem. Classification done according various criteria toxicity hazardous effects, purpose, chemical composition, mode action, how when it works, formulations, sou...

A comparison of detection limits of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in selected ion monitoring (SIM) with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) in selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode with both electron ionization (EI) and negative-ion chemical ionization (NCI) are presented for over 50 pesticides ranging from organochlorines (OCs), organophosphorus pesticides (...

The decline in amphibians across the globe has sparked a search for the causes, and recent evidence suggests a connection with pesticides. However, for most pesticides, tests on amphibians are rare and conducted only for short durations (1 to 4 days) and without natural stressors. Recent studies have discovered that the stress of predator cues in the water can make insecticides much more lethal...