Within the last decade new technologies have been developed and implemented which employ light, often in the presence of a photosensitizer, to inactivate pathogens that reside in human blood products for the purpose of transfusion. These pathogen reduction technologies attempt to find the proper balance between pathogen kill and cell quality. Each system utilizes various chemistries that not on...

Chemical reduction technique was used to synthesize nickel powder using hydrazine hydrate as reducing agent, nickel chloride hexahydrate as precursor and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as capping agent in ethylene glycol medium. Experiments were carried out with mole ratios 13:1 and 20:1 of hydrazine to nickel chloride hexahydrate by keeping the amounts of ethylene glycol and NaOH as constant. Vari...

Featured Article: Refsum H, Helland S, Ueland PM. Radioenzymic determination of homocysteine in plasma and urine. Clin Chem 1985;31:624 – 8. In 1977, as part of the research on which I based my PhD thesis, I purified S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase to homogeneity, and in the years that followed, my colleagues and I studied its role in the metabolism of S-adenosylhomocysteine in cells and anima...

3 Proposed Techniques – An Overview 4 3.1 Matrix Reductions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3.1.1 Global Threshold Reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3.1.2 Local Threshold Reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3.1.3 Michaelis-Menten Reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

This paper addresses the problem of simplifying chemical reaction networks by adroitly reducing the number of reaction channels and chemical species. The analysis adopts a discrete-stochastic point of view and focuses on the model reaction set S(1)<=>S(2)-->S(3), whose simplicity allows all the mathematics to be done exactly. The advantages and disadvantages of replacing this reaction set with ...

We present a technique for the automatic reduction of chemical reaction networks (CRNs). We study exact fluid lumpability, a partition of species satisfying the dynamical property that species in the same block have the same output at all times if initialized equally. Inspired by analogous approaches in traditional models of computation such as labelled transition systems, we characterize this ...

The kinetics of a detailed chemically reacting system can potentially be ®ery complex. Although the chemist may be interested in only a few species, the reaction model almost always in®ol®es a much larger number of species. Some of those species are radicals, which are ®ery reacti®e species and can be important intermediaries in the reaction scheme. A large number of elementary reactions can oc...

Biochemical processes typically involve many chemical species, some in abundance and some in low molecule numbers. We first identify the rate constant limits under which the concentrations of a given set of species will tend to infinity (the abundant species) while the concentrations of all other species remains constant (the non-abundant species). Subsequently, we prove that, in this limit, th...

Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China, Institute for Renewable Energy and Environmental Technolog...

Silver nanoparticles were prepared by the reduction of AgNO(3) with aniline in dilute aqueous solutions containing cetyltrimethlyammonium bromide, CTAB. Nanoparticles growth was assessed by UV-vis spectroscopy and the average particle size and the size distribution were determined from transmission electron microscopy, TEM. As the reaction proceeds, a typical plasmon absorption band at 390-450n...