Vaccination programs to control Newcastle disease include use of low virulent live virus vaccines or inactivated vaccines to induce protective immunity. In order to further characterize the immune response elicited by live virus, we evaluated both cellular and humoral immune response to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) consequent to vaccine application by oculonasal and intranasal routes. Specific...

Chicken erythrocytes can be infected by the fowl plague (Rostock) strain (FP/R) of influenza type A, Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and Semliki Forest virus (SFV). Only NDV and SFV produced infectious progeny, albeit at low levels. Infection by FP/R was monitored by de novo synthesis of viral proteins, and the proteins synthesized could be identified by comparison with infected chicken fibrobla...

The survival rate of Korean H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses was investigated at different temperatures under the laboratory conditions. The estimated survival days for a starting viral concentration of 10(6.5) 50% egg infectious dose/0.1 mL were 930, 1,042, and 3,213 d at 4 degrees C; 226, 232, and 293 d at 20 degrees C; and 51, 55, and 58 d at 30 degrees C for A/chicken/K...

In Java, Indonesia, during March 2007-March 2008, 96 farms with scavenging ducks that were not vaccinated against highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) were monitored bimonthly. Bird-level (prevalence among individual birds) H5 seroprevalence was 2.6% for ducks and 0.5% for chickens in contact with ducks. At least 1 seropositive bird was detected during 19.5% and 2.0% of duck- and chicken-fl...

background and aims: infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv) infection causes a highly contagious respiratory disease in poultry leads to significant economic losses in the poultry industry. the genomic and antigenic characteristics between virulent and vaccine strains of iltv are very similar. the ability of embryonated chicken neural stem (cns) cell for differential diagnosis of iltv strain...

Viruses of the Russian tick-borne encephalitis complex have been reported to proliferate in chicken embryo tissue culture of Maitland type (17, 18). Recent studies on louping-ill virus have demonstrated it, s cytopathogenic effect in monolayer cultures of HeLa cells (16), Detroit 6 cells (22), and pig kidney cells (23). No eytopathogenicity has been shown with RSSE virus in skin-muscle tissue c...

The chicken embryo cell line LSCC-H32 was tested for the propagation and titration of several animal viruses of the families Toga-, Reo-, Rhabdo-, Herpeto-, Orthomyxo-, Paramyxo-, and Poxviridae and compared with secondary chicken embryo cells. The LSCC-H32 cells were demonstrated to be as susceptible for most of the tested viruses as were secondary chicken embryo cells. Both produced comparabl...

Infection of poultry with diverse lineages of H5N2 avian influenza viruses has been documented for over three decades in different parts of the world, with limited outbreaks caused by this highly pathogenic avian influenza virus. In the present study, three avian H5N2 influenza viruses, A/chicken/Shijiazhuang/1209/2013, A/chicken/Chiping/0321/2014, and A/chicken/Laiwu/0313/2014, were isolated f...

we studied the prevalence of iron-deficiency anaemia in women of reproductive age, between 15 to 49, with a mean age of 31-56±1.34 years, attending mirzakoochak khan hospital ob. gyn. center for routine gynecological and obstetrical examination. we compa'tred mean values for the serum tests and haematological data and investigated etiological factors such as age, marital status, education, spou...

Abstract Background and Aims: For more than half a century, the production of fowl pox vaccine at Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, has been carried out by injection method in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and the vaccine has a favorable and effective in poultry flocks and has provided a complete satisfaction to the poultry flocks owner. Fowl pox vaccine is also manufactured...