P rior studies have found a reduction in contrast sensitivity in eyes with amblyopia using sinusoidal gratings, whereas minimal loss has been reported with Pelli-Robson charts. Most studies have evaluated contrast sensitivity at the time of diagnosis of amblyopia or after short-term treatment. A follow-up study of an earlier randomized trial provided us the opportunity to evaluate contrast sens...

INTRODUCTION The Pediatric Eye Disease Investigator Group (PEDIG), formed in 1997, has been dedicated to clinical research of eye diseases affecting children. Over the last three years, PEDIG has studied the efficacy of amblyopia treatment regimes, and has followed the long-term outcomes of these regimes. These studies are known as the Amblyopia Treatment Studies (ATS) and have been sorted into...

IMPORTANCE Commercially available automated vision screening devices assess refractive risk factors, not amblyopia or strabismus, underreferring affected children and overreferring healthy children. Nearly half of affected children are not identified until after age 5 years, when treatment is less effective. OBJECTIVES To determine the diagnostic accuracy of the Pediatric Vision Scanner (PVS)...

PURPOSE To examine the effects of strabismic amblyopia and strabismus only, without amblyopia, on the temporal patterns of eye-hand coordination during both the planning and execution stages of visually-guided reaching. METHODS Forty-six adults (16 with strabismic amblyopia, 14 with strabismus only, and 16 visually normal) executed reach-to-touch movements toward targets presented randomly 5°...

PURPOSE To evaluate the relationship of anisometropia with unilateral amblyopia, interocular acuity difference (IAD), and stereoacuity among Head Start preschoolers using both clinical notation and vector notation analyses. DESIGN Multicenter, cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS Three- to 5-year-old participants in the Vision in Preschoolers (VIP) study (n = 4040). METHODS Secondary analy...

Purpose Childhood amblyopia can be treated with binocular games or movies that rebalance contrast between the eyes, which is thought to reduce depth of interocular suppression so the child can experience binocular vision. While visual acuity gains have been reported following binocular treatment, studies rarely report gains in binocular outcomes (i.e., stereoacuity, suppression) in amblyopic ch...

OBJECTIVES To describe the prevalence of amblyopia and associated factors in a representative sample of 6-year-old Australian children. METHODS Logarithm of minimum angle of resolution visual acuity (VA) was measured in both eyes before and after pinhole correction, correcting cylindrical refractive components greater than 0.50 diopter (D), and with spectacles (if worn) in a population-based ...

It has been established that in amblyopia, information from the amblyopic eye (AME) is not combined with that from the fellow fixing eye (FFE) under conditions of binocular viewing. However, recent evidence suggests that mechanisms that combine information between the eyes are intact in amblyopia. The lack of binocular function is most likely due to the imbalanced inputs from the two eyes under...

Landolt C and grating acuity are compared with that normally expected of the eccentric fixation region for 10 strabismic amblyopes. The findings suggest that 2 populations of amblyopes exist. For some amblyopes visual function is that predicted of the eccentric region used for fixation, whereas for other amblyopes there is a further pathological reduction in visual function. These findings may ...

AIM To offer a critique of current methods of defining amblyopia treatment outcome and to examine alternative approaches. METHOD Literature appraisal and descriptive case presentations. RESULTS Currently, the outcome of amblyopia treatment is expressed as the number of acuity chart lines gained or, alternatively, achievement of an arbitrarily adopted level of visual acuity. As binocular vis...