BACKGROUND It is unclear when in the life course do social inequalities in inflammation emerge. We examined whether the association between socioeconomic position (SEP) and C-reactive protein (CRP) is determined at conception, in childhood, adolescence or adulthood in 1484 participants from the population-based Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. METHODS Five variants of the CRP gene we...

Adult cognition and age-related cognitive decline can be influenced by dysregulation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis with concomitant changes in cortisol levels. However, very little is known about the role of childhood cognition and educational attainment in this relationship. Using data from the British 1946 birth cohort, the present study investigated: (1) associations between cor...


 The early years are an important period for childhood development. This fundamental is often referred to as the ‘golden age’. At age, teachers and parents tasked with providing basis or foundation children’s lives in future. One of most elements inculcation life values that will shape mindset behaviour. Instilling these can commence when child able communicate well, be undertaken via hab...

OBJECTIVE To describe childhood trauma and depressive symptoms in Mexican women and to explore the relationships between number and type of childhood traumatic events and depressive symptoms. METHODS A community-based sample of 100 women was interviewed using a demographic questionnaire, the Life Stressor Checklist-Revised (LSC-R), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CE...

OBJECTIVES This study examined the association between childhood living conditions, socioeconomic position in adulthood, and cognition in later life. Two questions were addressed: Is there an association between childhood living conditions and late-life cognition, and if so, is the association modified or mediated by adult socioeconomic position? METHODS Nationally representative data of the ...

As part of its strategic focus on childhood obesity, particularly the prevention of childhood obesity, the American Heart Association convened a Childhood Obesity Research Summit to examine research opportunities where the obesity epidemic intersects with the healthcare system. The Childhood Obesity Research Summit provided an overview of childhood obesity, and participants identified key quest...

The Indonesian people's low creativity index greatly affects the quality of education, starting from Early Childhood Education (ECE) level to tertiary level. This study aims describe concept independent learning stimulate early childhood in Ki Hajar Dewantara's philosophy. uses library research explore that is relevant according philosophy Dewantara. method qualitative, using a descriptive appr...