We study an oscillatory medium with a nonlinear global coupling that gives rise to a harmonic mean-field oscillation with constant amplitude and frequency. Two types of cluster states are found, each undergoing a symmetry-breaking transition towards a related chimera state. We demonstrate that the diffusional coupling is non-essential for these complex dynamics. Furthermore, we investigate loca...

Chimera states are firstly discovered in nonlocally coupled oscillator systems. Such a nonlocal coupling arises typically as oscillators via an external environment whose characteristic time scale τ is so small (i.e., → o) that it could be eliminated adiabatically. Nevertheless, whether the chimera still exist opposite situation ≫ 1) unknown. Here, by large populations of Stuart—Landau to diffu...

Using a series of detailed experiments, Zhang and colleagues establish that the prostate cancer RNA chimera SLC45A3-ELK4 is generated by cis-splicing between the 2 adjacent genes and does not involve DNA rearrangements or trans-splicing. The chimera expression is induced by androgen treatment likely by overcoming the read-through block imposed by the intergenic CCCTC insulators bound by CCCTC-b...

Networks of identical, symmetrically coupled oscillators can spontaneously split into synchronized and desynchronized subpopulations. Such chimera states were discovered in 2002, but are not well understood theoretically. Here we obtain the first exact results about the stability, dynamics, and bifurcations of chimera states by analyzing a minimal model consisting of two interacting populations...

We have identified the occurrence of chimera states for various coupling schemes in networks of two-dimensional and three-dimensional Hindmarsh-Rose oscillators, which represent realistic models of neuronal ensembles. This result, together with recent studies on multiple chimera states in nonlocally coupled FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillators, provide strong evidence that the phenomenon of chimeras may...

The recently discovered chimera state involves the coexistence of synchronized and desynchronized states for a group of identical oscillators. In this work, we show the existence of (inwardly) rotating spiral wave chimeras in the three-component reaction-diffusion systems where each element is locally coupled by diffusion. A transition from spiral waves with the smooth core to spiral wave chime...

The chimera of modern biotechnology is defined broadly as a single organism composed of a mixture of materials from two or more organisms possessing distinct genetic backgrounds. Unlike the United States, which does not regulate chimeras directly, Canada has responded to the unregulated pursuit of chimera technology by banning certain chimeras as part of comprehensive legislation designed to re...

Current targeted therapies using small kinase inhibitors and antibodies have limited efficacy in treating prostate cancer (PCa), a leading cause of cancer death in American men. We have developed a novel strategy by engineering an RNA-based aptamer-siRNA chimera, in which a bivalent aptamer specifically binds prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) via an antibody-like structure to promote si...

Chimera states consisting of domains of coherently and incoherently oscillating identical oscillators with nonlocal coupling are studied. These states usually coexist with the fully synchronized state and have a small basin of attraction. We propose a nonlocal phase-coupled model in which chimera states develop from random initial conditions. Several classes of chimera states have been found: (...

Component-based real-time software speeds development and lowers cost of robotics applications. It enables the use of rapid prototyping or incremental software process models. The Chimera Methodology is a software engineering paradigm targeted at developing and integrating dynamically reconfigurable and reusable real-time software components. It is founded upon the notion of port-based objects....