نتایج جستجو برای: chromosome centromere
تعداد نتایج: 121620 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
With a single microtubule attachment, budding-yeast kinetochores provide an excellent system for understanding the coordinated linkage to dynamic microtubule plus ends for chromosome oscillation and positioning. Fluorescent tagging of kinetochore proteins indicates that, on average, all centromeres are clustered, distinctly separated from their sisters, and positioned equidistant from their res...
Kinetochores may perform several functions at mitosis and meiosis including: (a) directing anaphase chromosome separation, (b) regulating prometaphase alignment of the chromosomes at the spindle equator (congression), and/or (c) capturing and stabilizing microtubules. To explore these functions in vivo, autoimmune sera against the centromere/kinetochore complex are microinjected into mouse oocy...
Centromeres congregate into a large cluster called the chromocenter during Drosophila oogenesis. Two recent studies now define a function and a genetic basis for this remarkable structure.
A total of 592 cells was examined from 38 normal humans who had either small or very large Y chromosomes. Chromosome identification was based on the QFQ technique. The distance between the X and Y chromosome was measured from centromere to centromere. The spatial distance between X and Y was significantly smaller when the Y was small as compared to a very large Y (p less than 0.05). The distanc...
Chromosome arrangement in spread nuclei of the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was studied by fluorescence in situ hybridization with probes to centromeres and telomeric chromosome regions. We found that during interphase centromeres are tightly clustered in a peripheral region of the nucleus, whereas telomeres tend to occupy the area outside the centromeric domain. In vigorously growin...
Centromere chromatin containing histone H3 variant CENP-A is required for accurate chromosome segregation as a foundation for kinetochore assembly. Human centromere chromatin assembles on a part of the long α-satellite (alphoid) DNA array, where it is flanked by pericentric heterochromatin. Heterochromatin spreads into adjacent chromatin and represses gene expression, and it can antagonize cent...
This report describes two patients with a distinctive type of dicentric autosomal chromosome formed by breakage and union between homologous chromosomes. These stable chromosomes possess two C bands, implying the presence of two centromeric regions. The first child, evaluated for dysmorphic features was shown to have an abnormal chromosome 16, designated as 46, XX, -16, + dic (16) (pter leads t...
Also known as... The terms ‘centromere’ and ‘kinetochore’ are often used synonymously but it is best to consider the centromere as the DNA and chromatin on which the kinetochore is assembled and the kinetochore as the protein machine, including centromeric chromatin, which mediates attachment to the spindle. Centromeres are found near the centre of the chromosome on metacentric chromosomes, but...
Cat eye syndrome (CES) is typically associated with a supernumerary bisatellited marker chromosome derived from human chromosome 22pter to 22q11.2. The region of 22q duplicated in the typical CES marker chromosome extends between the centromere and locus D22S36. We have constructed a long-range restriction map of this region using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and probes to 10 loci (11 probe...
Excess risk of leukemia and brain tumors after CT scans in children has been reported. We performed dicentric chromosome assay (DCAs) before and after CT scan to assess effects of low-dose ionizing radiation on chromosomes. Peripheral blood (PB) lymphocytes were collected from 10 patients before and after a CT scan. DCA was performed by analyzing either 1,000 or 2,000 metaphases using both Giem...
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