BACKGROUND IgG antibodies to pre-erythrocytic antigens are involved in prevention of infection and disease in animal models of malaria but have not been associated with protection against disease in human malaria. METHODS Levels of IgG antibodies to circumsporozoite protein (CSP), liver-stage antigen type 1 (LSA-1), and thrombospondin-related adhesive protein (TRAP) were measured in 86 childr...

The leading circumsporozoite protein (CSP) based malaria vaccine, RTS,S, though promising, has shown limited efficacy in field studies. There is therefore, still a need to identify other malaria vaccine targets. Merozoite antigens are potential vaccine candidates, since naturally acquired antibodies generated against them inhibit erythrocyte invasion and in some cases result in the clinical pro...

RTS,S is the leading malaria vaccine in development, but has demonstrated only moderate protective efficacy clinical trials. a virus-like particle (VLP) that uses human hepatitis B virus as scaffold to display sporozoite antigen, circumsporozoite protein (CSP). Particle formation requires four-fold excess and result, CSP represents small portion of final construct. Alternative VLP or nanopartic...

Malaria sporozoites have the unique capacity to invade two entirely different types of target cell in the mosquito vector and the vertebrate host during the course of the parasite's life cycle. Although little is known about the specific interaction of the sporozoite with its target cells, two sporozoite proteins, circumsporozoite (CS) and thrombospondin-related adhesive protein (TRAP), have be...

Irradiated malaria sporozoites can induce CD8+ T cells that are required for protection against infection. However, the parasite antigens targeted by this immune response are unknown. We have discovered a 16-amino acid epitope from the Plasmodium yoelii circumsporozoite (CS) protein that is recognized by cytotoxic T cells from immune mice. Lymphocytes stimulated with this peptide can kill P. yo...

A cDNA clone expressing a Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage antigen in Escherichia coli was identified by colony immunoassay using immune human sera. Antibodies affinity-purified on extracts of this clone reacted with both asexual blood stages and sporozoites of P. falciparum, recognizing a Mr23,000 protein in the blood stages. The nucleotide sequence of the cDNA revealed a signal peptide and a...

UNLABELLED The objectives of this non-randomized, non-blinded, dose-escalating Phase I clinical trial were to assess the safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of ICC-1132 formulated with Alhydrogel (aluminum hydroxide) in 51 healthy, malaria-naive adults aged 18 to 45 years. ICC-1132 (Malariavax) is a recombinant, virus-like particle malaria vaccine comprised of hepatitis core antigen engin...