Infrastructure systems such as power and water supplies make up the cornerstone of modern society which is essential for the functioning of a society and its economy. They become more and more interconnected and interdependent with the development of scientific technology and social economy. Risk and vulnerability analysis of interdependent infrastructures for security considerations has become...

Abstract Infrastructures can be modeled as large‐scale networks consisting of nodes and arcs, making network optimization a popular modeling option for arising problems. In specific, providing timely restoration plans interdependent infrastructures facing disruptions has been challenge decision makers. this study, we focus on geospatial (co‐location) functional interdependencies to capture the ...

To achieve net-zero emissions economy, the transition to online entertainment and retail, aging populations, urban population growth, pressures on public finance have created huge interests for human run cities differently smartly. A term titled smart city is which considered as an idealistic city, where quality of life citizens greatly improved by utilizing information communication technology...

Regarding to the smart city infrastructures, there is a demand for big data processing and its further usage. This can be gained by various means. There are many IoT devices in city, which communicate share information about environment they situated in. Moreover every personal mobile device also participate this process help gain via applications. Every app provides useful data, enabling locat...

The infrastructure elements are often recognized when their continuity stops, although security is a topic that concerning only cyber protection, not the physical one. There many examples in world where prevention of taken seriously and handled properly. These recommendations guidance could be easily adapted anywhere. aim this paper to show some existing ways, tools, techniques protecting (crit...

Very Large Research Infrastructures (VLRIs) are unique, complex undertakings with a strong international dimension that play critical role in frontier research most scientific domains. VLRIs require considerable care their construction and operation, as well very substantial investments technological innovations. Recent evolutions the political, socio-economic context challenging established pl...