There is broad consensus that speech sound development is a gradual process, with acoustic measures frequently revealing covert contrast between sounds perceived as identical. Well-constructed perceptual tasks using Visual Analog Scaling (VAS) can draw out these gradient differences. However, this method has not seen widespread uptake in speech acquisition research, possibly due to the time-int...

This study investigates the effect of speech rate on spoken word recognition across the adult life span. Contrary to previous studies, conversational materials with a natural variation in speech rate were used rather than lab-recorded stimuli that are subsequently artificially timecompressed. It was investigated whether older adults’ speech recognition is more adversely affected by increased sp...

Integration of sensory information across multiple senses is most likely to occur when signals are spatiotemporally coupled. Yet, recent research on audiovisual rate discrimination indicates that random sequences of light flashes and auditory clicks are integrated optimally regardless of temporal correlation. This may be due to 1) temporal averaging rendering temporal cues less effective; 2) di...

Intracellular responses in anterior middle suprasylvian gyrus to peripheral stimuli (light flash, auditory click, and contralateral forepaw shock) and central stimuli (contralateral cortical and tha!amic stimulation) were studied in cats anesthetized with chloralose. When cells discharged to peripheral and some central stimuli, spikes arose from asynchronous, summating, depolarizing postsynapti...

The initial processing of interaural intensity differences (IIDs), the major cue to the azimuthal location of high-frequency sounds in mammals, is carried out by neurons in the lateral superior olivary nucleus (LSO) that receive excitatory input from the ipsilateral ear and inhibitory input from the contralateral ear (IE neurons). The "latency" hypothesis asserts that it is the effects of inten...

Background: Tone-burst otoacoustic emissions (TBOAEs) have not been routinely studied in pediatric populations, although tone burst stimuli have greater frequency specificity compared with click sound stimuli. The present study aimed (1) to determine an appropriate stimulus level for neonatal TBOAE measurements when the stimulus center frequency was 1 kHz, (2) to explore the characteristics of ...

Triple arrays are considered in which 10 symbols each appear 3 times in a 5 × 6 arrangement of symbols. These triple arrays fall into seven isomorphism classes. The orders of the automorphism groups of the arrays in these classes are 60, 12, 12, 6, 4, 3 and 3, respectively. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

This research paper describes key information technology (IT) project management activities in terms of project scope, time, and cost management, namely the triple constraint. The authors contend that the ability to properly manage and execute these activities are the quintessential components that oftentimes drives whether projects succeed or fail. The literature shows that IT projects have a ...

高折 修二 ・中井 義尚 ・笹 征史 ・島本 暉朗 The present authors (1-3) have reported that the evoked potentials and ensuing rhythmic after-discharges in the auditory cortex of the unanesthetized cat caused by click stimuli are easily affected by change of environmental conditions. Furthermore, they have found that pentobarbital sodium, chloralose and chlorpromazine in small doses increase the magnitude of the cor...

In order to investigate the generation of the 40 Hz steady-state response (SSR), auditory potentials evoked by clicks were recorded in 16 healthy subjects in two stimulating conditions. Firstly, repetition rates of 7.9 and 40 Hz were used to obtain individual middle latency responses (MLRs) and 40 Hz-SSRs, respectively. In the second condition, eight click trains were presented at a 40 Hz repet...