ôbjective: this study explored the therapeutic outcomes of psychodynamic psychotherapy for major depressive disorder (mdd) in comparison with pharmacotherapy. methods: the focus of psychodynamic psychotherapy was on the superego pathology and its developmental backgrounds, while pharmacotherapy was done using ssrïs. â sample of 50 mdd patients was randomly selected by clinical interview using d...

non hodgkin lymphoma (nhl) constitutes 5% of all head & neck cancer. the incidence of it has been increased over the last four decades. one of main characteristic of nhl is extranodal presentation that has different pattern in various part of world. a retrospective was designed in a tertiary referral center. it has been done between january 1996 and march 2006. all clinical and pathological cha...

benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (bppv) is a condition that indicates a benign inner ear disorder. it is generally believed that bppv is due to the dislodged otoconial particles from otolith organs and unusual collection of them within any of semicircular canals or even in all three semicircular canals. although the typical features of nystagmus in bppv have been well-studied, very few stud...

background: in the present study, we studied the clinical students’ viewpoints toward traditional and case study training methods. methods: this analytical descriptive study was conducted in cardiac ward of valiasr hospital in birjand from 1389 to 1390. 5 training sessions in the form of case presentation were held during a one-month course in cardiac ward. the trainer prepared a powerpoint fil...

Introduction Negative symptoms (NS) represent a heterogeneous construct of schizophrenia, whose conceptualization is still to be clarified. In the last decade, model that has received most support from literature described 2 NS domains: expressive deficit (EXP), which includes blunted affect and alogia, motivational (MAP), avolition, asociality, anhedonia. However, different confirmatory factor...