Script event prediction aims to predict the subsequent given context. This requires capability infer correlations between events. Recent works have attempted improve correlation reasoning by using pretrained language models and incorporating external knowledge (e.g., discourse relations). Though promising results been achieved, some challenges still remain. First, adopted current ignore event-l...

We address the problem of automatically acquiring knowledge of event sequences from text, with the aim of providing a predictive model for use in narrative generation systems. We present a neural network model that simultaneously learns embeddings for words describing events, a function to compose the embeddings into a representation of the event, and a coherence function to predict the strengt...

Commonsense question answering (CQA) aims to test if models can answer questions regarding commonsense knowledge that everyone knows. Prior works incorporate external bases have shown promising results, but are expensive construct and often limited a fixed set of relations. In this paper, we instead focus on better utilizing the implicit stored in pre-trained language models. While researchers ...

The objectives of this study are to analyze about the different and similar multiple choice cloze test in reading comprehension, perception toward among students that influence comprehension. This used descriptive qualitative method. In collecting data, used, Observation, Interview, Questionnaire, Documentaton. data were taken by choice. was conducted there 21 informants which 7 boys 13 girls S...

Language proficiency tests are a useful tool for evaluating learner progress, if the test difficulty fits the level of the learner. In this work, we describe a generalized framework for test difficulty prediction that is applicable to several languages and test types. In addition, we develop two ranking strategies for candidate evaluation inspired by automatic solving methods based on language ...

An incremental dependency parser’s probability model is entered as a predictor in a linear mixed-effects model of German readers’ eye-fixation durations. This dependencybased predictor improves a baseline that takes into account word length, n-gram probability, and Cloze predictability that are typically applied in models of human reading. This improvement obtains even when the dependency parse...

This paper describes and evaluates DQGen, which automatically generates multiple choice cloze questions to test a child’s comprehension while reading a given text. Unlike previous methods, it generates different types of distracters designed to diagnose different types of comprehension failure, and tests comprehension not only of an individual sentence but of the context that precedes it. We ev...