Kelp forests provide important ecosystem services, yet coastal kelp communities are increasingly altered by anthropogenic impacts. Kelp forests in remote, offshore locations may provide an informative contrast due to reduced impacts from local stressors. We tested the hypothesis that shallow kelp assemblages (12-15 m depth) and associated fish and benthic communities in the coastal southwest Gu...

hroughout history, people have preferentially settled along coastlines, and they continue to do so today. Coastal people make up more than half of the total human population, and coastal settlements are transforming marine habitats at a rapid pace. Coastal people have also been long engaged in the extraction of marine resources, mostly animals such as marine mammals, fi sh, and invertebrates as...

introduction: reverse osmosis (ro) is best known for its use in desalination (removing the salt from seawater to get fresh water), but since the early 1970s it has also been used to purify fresh water for medical, industrial, and domestic applications. the aim of this research was the performance study of reverse osmosis plants for water desalination in bandar-lengeh, iran. materials and method...

The oceans take up more than 1 million tons of CO2 from the air per hour, about one-quarter of the anthropogenically released amount, leading to disrupted seawater chemistry due to increasing CO2 emissions. Based on the fossil fuel-intensive CO2 emission scenario (A1F1; Houghton et al., 2001), the H concentration or acidity of surface seawater will increase by about 150% (pH drop by 0.4) by the...

The oceans take up more than 1 million tons of CO2 from the air per hour, about one-quarter of the anthropogenically released amount, leading to disrupted seawater chemistry due to increasing CO2 emissions. Based on the fossil fuel-intensive CO2 emission scenario (A1F1; Houghton et al., 2001), the H concentration or acidity of surface seawater will increase by about 150% (pH drop by 0.4) by the...

Since 1991 epidemic dieback of the kelp Ecklonia radiata has been observed at the Leigh h4arine Reserve and other sites in northern New Zealand. As the dominant phaeophycean E. radiata is a very important component of the eastern coastal ecosystem, providing both food and refuge for many species. Examination of the E. radiata sap extracts by electron microscopy detected the presence of both str...

Light availability is critically important for primary productivity in coastal systems, yet current research approaches may not be adequate in shallow coastal lagoons. Light attenuation in these systems is typically dominated by suspended sediment, while light attenuation in deeper estuaries is often dominated by phytoplankton. This difference in controls on light attenuation suggests that phys...