The experimental materials comprised 800 Cobb 500 broiler chickens. One-day-old chickens of both sexes were randomly allocated to two feeding groups, each with four replicates of 100 birds. The chickens were reared for six weeks on deep litter and were fed standard pelleted diets in a three-stage system (starter, grower and finisher). Control group (I) birds received basal diets and experimenta...

this study was conducted to investigate the influences of raw or acetic acid-treated oak acornon the performance and cecal flora of broiler chickens. a total of 340 one-day-old male and female cobb 500 broiler chicks were used in a completely randomized design consisting of five treatments with four replicates and 17 chicks each. first group was fed with a corn-based diet (without oak acorn) as...

this study was conducted to investigate the effect of bacillus subtilis and licheni formis on broiler breeder performance and gastrointestinal health of their progenies. a total of 336 broiler breeder hens (cobb 500) from 22 to 32 weeks of age were used in a completely randomized design of 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with four treatments, each with seven replicates. dietary treatments included:...

Several causes may induce change and atrophy in the bursa of Fabricius (BF). Databases on BF standards are available from published studies, however, updated references are needed to adjust the BF standards to present changes in highly specialized broiler genetic lines. The aim of this study was to evaluate BF-related measurements (weight and dimensions) under controlled conditions that would m...

The effects of enriching broiler chicken diets with a vegetable source of n-3 fat in the form of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) on the accumulation of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) in chicken meat were investigated. Sixty unsexed one-day-old broiler chickens (Cobb 500) were randomly allocated to one of six diets (n=10 birds/diet) for 4 weeks. The ALA levels varied fro...

Cobb syndrome is a rare entity characterized by cutaneous vascular lesions and arteriovenous malformations in the spine, both in the same metamere. This syndrome is also known as cutaneous vertebral medullary angiomatosis, cutaneomeningospinal angiomatosis, and spinal arterial metameric disorder. We report the case of a male infant diagnosed with Cobb syndrome who was treated surgically. The pr...

Methods Study design: retrospective controlled study. Population: Rigid Brace Groups (RBGs) 20 patients (16 female), age 13±1, Cobb 24±5°, ATR 8±3°, TRACE score 7, Risser 0-3. Spinecor Group (SG): 41 patients (33 females) age 13±1, Cobb angle 24±5°, ATR 8±3°, TRACE score 6, Risser 0-3. Both groups were treated with a full-time brace (18 to 23 hours per day upon initial prescription). Clinical a...

The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of different energy sources and levels on carcass weight, breast muscle mass mTORC1 AKt gene expression in Cobb 500 broiler chicks. A total 600 1-day-old chicks with an average weight 39 ± 0.50 g were randomly divided into five treatments. Each treatment further four replicates. Chicks fed by basal diet based corn level instruction manual as co...

The distribution of continuous data can often be closely approximated by the normal distribution (1). For example, the distribution of Cobb angles for scoliotic females may be represented by a normal distribution with a notional mean (μ) = 15 degrees and a notional standard deviation (σ) = 5 degrees, and is shown in figure 1. By assuming that these Cobb angles follow a normal distribution, we a...