BACKGROUND Several past clinical studies have demonstrated that frequent and unnecessary right ventricular pacing in patients with sick sinus syndrome and compromised atrio-ventricular conduction (AVC) produces long-term adverse effects. The safety and efficacy of two pacemaker algorithms, Ventricular Intrinsic Preference™ (VIP) and Ventricular AutoCapture (VAC), were evaluated in a multi-cente...

Enthusiasm for minimally invasive thoracic surgery is increasing. Thoracoscopy plays a significant therapeutic role in the fibrinopurulent stage (stage II) of empyema, in which loculated fluid cannot often be adequately drained by chest tube alone. For some debilitated and septic patients, further procedures such as open-window thoracostomy (OWT) with daily wound care or vacuum-assisted closure...

Vacuum-assisted wound closure (VAC) is a non-invasive, active, wound management therapy exposing the wound bed to local sub-atmospheric negative pressure through a closed system in order to facilitate wound healing. Initially introduced in human medicine for the treatment of chronic wounds, VAC removes fluid from the extra vascular space, improving circulation and enhancing the proliferation of...

Extremely stable, peptide-capped gold nanoparticles with two different biomolecular recognition motifs expressed on their surface have been prepared, and their specific and selective binding to artificial, DNA-modified target particles and to DNA and protein microarrays has been demonstrated. Stabilization and biofunctionalization has been achieved in a single preparative step starting with cit...

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A large aterior chest wall defect following tumor resection was reconstructed with a Gore-Tex® membrane and a combined musculocutaneous rectus femoris and tensor fasciae latae free flap. Subsequent paradoxical respiration impeded weaning from the ventilator. Appliance of Vacuum Assisted Closure® (VAC®) resulted in immediate chest wall stability and a decrease in the patient's need for respirato...

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Vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) is a relatively new technique for wound management in dogs and cats. It was successfully used in this cat to treat severe urine-induced skin and thigh muscle necrosis, resulting from a traumatic urethral rupture. No complications were encountered with application of the VAC technique and production of a healthy granulation bed, suitable for wound reconstruction, wa...

The least-area hypersurface enclosing and separating two given volumes in R is the standard double bubble.

We prove that the standard double bubble provides the least-area way to enclose and separate two regions of prescribed volume in R3.