fuzzy cognitive maps (fcms) have successfully been applied in numerous domains to show the relations between essential components in complex systems. in this paper, a novel learning method is proposed to construct fcms based on historical data and by using meta-heuristic: genetic algorithm (ga), simulated annealing (sa), and tabu search (ts). implementation of the proposed method has demonstrat...

Knowing where one is located within an environment is one of the most fundamental tasks humans have to master in their daily routines. Maps, as external representations of the environment offer intuitive ways to extend the capacities of the human cognitive systems. Operations such as planning a route can be performed on maps instead of in the environment. Question of how to design maps that sup...