This paper examines the relevance of the current theoretical perspectives in extension for promoting horticultural revolution in developing countries. At present agricultural education and extension occurs within a framework inspired by the green revolution. This paper analyses the inadequacy of this approach from two theoretical perspectives and proposes an alternative framework. It describes ...

We show that if H is an odd-cycle, or any non-bipartite graph of girth 5 and maximun degree at most 3, then planar H-COL is NP -complete

Enterprises look for new strategies to increase/maintain their competitiveness. One of these strategies consists of establishing collaboration relationships with other enterprises. Collaborating enterprises need tools and methods that facilitate the management their performance. Performance Measurement Systems developed in the literature have overlooked the development of frameworks that includ...

ReviewsandExclusions Our initial search generated 216 articles. One researcher and a research assistant reviewed the abstracts to exclude easily identifiable errors of three types: duplicate entries, book reviews, and articles using the term “evidence-based” but referring to evidence-based medicine or evidencebased government policy, since these areas were not relevant to our research question....

Cytokines are the main cause of intervertebral disc degeneration. Kartogenin (KGN) is found to protect chondrocytes from cytokines. To explore whether KGN can slow down the degeneration on intervertebral discs following exposure to interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF‑α), the expression of type II collagen (Col II) and aggrecan were detected by immunofluorescence, immunohisto...

Drosophila immune response involves three types of hemocytes ('blood cells'). One cell type, the lamellocyte, is induced to differentiate only under particular conditions, such as parasitization by wasps. Here, we have investigated the mechanisms underlying the specification of lamellocytes. We first show that collier (col), the Drosophila orthologue of the vertebrate gene encoding early B-cell...

A constituent based nonlinear viscoelastic (VE) model was modified from a previous study (Vena, et al., 2006, "A Constituent-Based Model for the Nonlinear Viscoelastic Behavior of Ligaments," J. Biomech. Eng., 128, pp. 449-457) to incorporate a glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-collagen (COL) stress balance using compressible elastic stress constitutive equations specific to articular cartilage (AC). For...

The development of skin wound dressings with excellent properties has always been an important challenge in the field of biomedicine. In this study, biomimetic electrospun fish collagen/bioactive glass (Col/BG) nanofibers were prepared. Their structure, tensile strength, antibacterial activity and biological effects on human keratinocytes, human dermal fibroblasts and human vascular endothelial...

The craniofacial skeleton develops from a base in which coordinated growth at sutures and growth centres assures the development of normal form. In this report we describe features of retarded postnatal craniofacial development in the osteopetrotic mutation, toothless (tl), in the rat in which bone growth in both the nasal area and the cranial base is reduced, suggesting that the mutation affec...

Parkinson's disease (PD) is frequently associated with vasomotor symptoms such as distal cold limbs or sensitivity to cold. Coldness of the lower limbs (COL) usually occurs in winter and is often accompanied by pain, potentially causing difficulty in walking or standing. A standard dopaminergic treatment for such symptoms is yet to be established. We describe two patients with PD, who had sever...