Pricing Prototypical Products When we think of colas, Coca-Cola first comes to mind. Products such as Cola-Cola, Tide laundry detergent and Chapstick lip balm are the prototypical products in their respective categories. Over three decades, research in consumer psychology has accumulated evidence on how prototypicality structures memory, shapes the composition of consideration set and influence...

We present a conceptual as well as empirical analysis showing that 11–12-year-old children, relative to adults, evaluate brand extensions by relying more on surface cues (e.g., brand name characteristics used to launch the extension) and less on deep cues (e.g., category similarity between the parent brand and the extension category). In experiment 1, children gave equivalent evaluations of bra...

Combinations of graph drawing and map labeling problems yield challenging mathematical problems and have direct applications, e.g., in automation engineering. We call graph drawing problems in which subsets of vertices and edges need to be labeled graph labeling problems. Unlike in map labeling where the position of the objects is specified in the input, the coordinates of vertices and edges in...

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the impact of in vitro erosion provoked by different cola-based drinks (Coke types), associated or not with toothbrushing, to bonding to enamel. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty-six [Corrected] bovine enamel specimens were prepared and randomly assigned into seven groups (N=8): C- Control (neither eroded nor abraded), ERO-RC: 3x/1-minute immersion in Regular Cok...

Testas of Cola fruit are usually considered as agricultural waste by many farmers their focus is always on the seed because its economic importance. This study therefore aimed at evaluating and comparing antioxidant potentials C. acuminata nitida testas. The methanol extract testas were evaluated compared for properties such as: scavenging abilities hydroxyl radicals, ABTS (2, 2– Azino-bis-3-et...

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el índice Caslick en yeguas la raza caballo peruano paso y su relación con conformación grupa (ángulo inclinación tipo inserción cola). Se tomaron medidas morfométricas para hallar Caslick, cola participantes del LXX Concurso Nacional Oficial Caballos Peruanos Paso (n = 98). La media ángulo 37,23° ± 4,88°. mayoría las presentó una alta (55,1 %), promed...

With great interest, we read the recent article by İşlek et al. (1) “A rare outcome of iron deficiency and pica: Rapunzel syndrome in a 5-year-old child”. The authors discussed a girl who was referred with an abdominal mass and anemia, diagnosed with Rapunzel syndrome. She had no medical history that supported the presence of trichophagy or any psychiatric or neurological disorders. They mentio...

This article argues that analyses of value semantics in organisational image brochures, websites, and further official documents do not give information about an organisation’s ethical performance. Based on a systems theoretical definition of values, the case is made for a distinction of communication on values and value communication, the latter of which is defined as implicit form of communic...

This paper deals with the problem of learning characteristic concept descriptions from examples and describes a new generalization approach implemented in the system Cola-2. The approach tries to take advantage of the information which can be induced from descriptions of unclassiied objects using a conceptual clustering algorithm. Experimental results in various real-world domains strongly supp...

The caffeine content of 10 energy drinks, 19 carbonated sodas, and 7 other beverages was determined. In addition, the variability of the caffeine content of Coca-Cola fountain soda was evaluated. Caffeine was isolated from the samples by liquid-liquid extraction and analyzed by gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection. The caffeine concentration of the caffeinated energy drinks ran...