The authors investigated whether differences in facial stimuli could explain the inconsistencies in the facial attractiveness literature regarding whether adults prefer more masculine- or more feminine-looking male faces. Their results demonstrated that use of a female average to dimorphically transform a male facial average produced stimuli that did not accurately reflect the relationship betw...

We recently reported that direct subjective ratings of the sense of presence are potentially unstable and can be biased by previous judgments of the same stimuli (Freeman et al., 1999). Objective measures of the behavioral realism elicited by a display offer an alternative to subjective ratings. Behavioral measures and presence are linked by the premise that, when observers experience a mediate...

Breakdancing has the capacity for bodily difference. This difference challenges cultural regulations that inhibit a body’s way of moving. Gendered categorisations of physical activity culturally discourage particular bodies from participating in certain activities. However, this article argues that breakdancing attempts to transcend the cultural regulations that limit bodies. In breakdancing, m...

BACKGROUND Male-to-female transsexual (MFT) persons often attempt to produce a female-sounding voice as part of the transition process. Endoscopic and stroboscopic data about how they accomplish this with an anatomically male larynx are lacking. OBJECTIVES To describe vocal fold activity in MFT persons producing their feminine voice and identify signs of vocal misuse or hyperfunction in MFT s...

the purpose of this article is to investigate the differences between men and women’s painting regardless of being limited to presuppositions about masculine and feminine art. therefore, first the appearance of differences between men and women art during the eighteenth and nineteenth century is considered. having done that, various types of women’s painting, feminine painting and feminism pain...