This paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of a learning model in developing students' communication skills and reducing their apprehension level. consists three main elements, each which has sub-elements. It takes students through different phases starting with raising awareness reaching autonomy. A training program an assessment battery were developed administered. Both qualitative quan...

The present study tested the hypothesis that anxious apprehension involves more left- than right-hemisphere activity and that anxious arousal is associated with the opposite pattern. Behavioral and fMRI responses to threat stimuli in an emotional Stroop task were examined in nonpatient groups reporting anxious apprehension, anxious arousal, or neither. Reaction times were longer for negative th...

The covid-19 pandemic has caused a dramatic transformation in education systems which face-to-face was canceled to protect public health many countries. Homes of the learners turned into classrooms and families have found themselves middle formal more than ever before. This study aimed examine effect family size on English as Foreign Language (EFL) communication apprehension (CA) during online ...