In distributed systems, asynchronous communication is often viewed as a whole whereas there are actually many di erent interaction protocols whose properties are involved in the compatibility of peer compositions. A hierarchy of asynchronous communication models, based on re nements, is established and proven with the TLA Proof System. The work serves as a rst step in the study of the substitua...

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In computer security, risk communication refers to a mechanism used to inform computer users against a given threat. Efficacy of risk communication depends not only on the nature of the risk, but also alignment between the conceptual model of the risk communicator and the user’s perception or mental model of the risk. The gap between the mental model of the security experts and non-experts coul...

Развитие мировой науки в последние десятилетия можно очертить несколькими направлениями: с одной стороны, углубляется специализация исследований (через разделение и детализацию научных дисциплин целом), другой - развиваются направления, которые охватывают исследования различных дисциплин: проекты геномы человека, космические исследования, физика высоких энергий тому подобное. Растет глобальное ...

introduction: management development assessment helps managers to systematically assess the current management capabilities of their organization and take critical steps to strengthen the management skills and sustainability of their organizations. this study aimed to identify and compare the health system management development assessment models in selected international organizations and coun...