There is growing interest in the impact of community design on the health of residents. In 1998, the Western Australian Government began a trial of new subdivision design codes (i.e. Liveable Neighbourhoods Community Design Code) aimed at creating pedestrian-friendly neighbourhoods to increase walking, cycling and public transport use. The trial provided a unique opportunity for a natural exper...

BACKGROUND Older adults are the fastest growing segment of the United States population. There is an immediate need to identify novel, cost-effective community-based approaches that promote health and well-being for older adults, particularly those from diverse racial/ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds. Because choral singing is multi-modal (requires cognitive, physical, and psychosocial enga...

BACKGROUND There are many differences in culture, community identity, community participation, and ownership between communities in Western and Asian countries; thus, it is difficult to adopt the results of community intervention studies from Western countries. In this study, we conducted a multicity, multicomponent community intervention trial to correct breast cancer myths and promote screeni...

Clinical study reports (CSR) are detailed documents that provide a comprehensive and transparent account of the conduct results clinical trial. They an important source information for regulatory authorities, healthcare professionals, public, used to assess safety efficacy medical treatments. This article presents overview steps involved in writing submitting CSRs as well reporting trial findin...

BACKGROUND Microinsurance or Community-Based Health Insurance is a promising healthcare financing mechanism, which is increasingly applied to aid rural poor persons in low-income countries. Robust empirical evidence on the causal relations between Community-Based Health Insurance and healthcare utilisation, financial protection and other areas is scarce and necessary. This paper contains a disc...

Abstract Background Smoking tobacco poses a serious risk of early preventable death and disease for women living with socioeconomic disadvantage (SED). A smoking cessation programme ‘We Can Quit' (WCQ) tailored to in four SED areas developed Ireland included group support delivered by trained lay local free nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). The intervention was pilot tested community-based, c...

OBJECTIVE To study the effect of racecadotril on reduction in the duration of acute rotavirus and non-rotavirus diarrhea. DESIGN Two randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trials. SETTING Community-based trial in an urban area in Vellore, hospital-based trial at a secondary hospital in Vellore. PARTICIPANTS 199 and 130 3-59 month old children in the community- and hospital-based trial...

BACKGROUND TB and HIV form a deadly synergy in much of the developing world, especially Africa. Interventions to reduce the impact of these diseases at community level are urgently needed. This paper presents the design of a community randomised trial to evaluate the impact of two complex interventions on the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) in high HIV prevalence settings in Zambia and South Af...

BACKGROUND Guidelines recommend that fall prevention programmes for older people include multifactorial interventions. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine if randomised controlled trial evidence supports interventions with multiple components over single strategies in community based fall prevention. METHODS We searched the literature for trials of interventions aimed at preventing falls. We in...

1150 Objective: A previously published randomized clinical trial indicated that a developmental behavioral intervention, the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM), resulted in gains in IQ, language, and adaptive behavior of children with autism spectrum disorder. This report describes a secondary outcome measurement from this trial, EEG activity. Method: Forty-eight 18to 30-month-old children with au...