A method of constructing second-quantization formalism on a set of orthonormal geminals (two-particle antisymmetric functions) is described. Instead of using an initial set of creation and annihilation operators with nontrivial commutation rules, the so-. -called ideal creation and annihilation operators, satisfying elementary Bose commutation rules, are used. The resulting Hamiltonian and an a...

This work is an attempt of generalization of the simple statement about the requirements of commutation of words for the case of languages. In the paper, the necessary condition for commutation of languages are obtained, and in the prefix case the necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained. It is important to note that the considered alphabets and languages can be infinite. The possibilit...

We show that the infinite imaginary anomalous dimensions of certain heavy quark-antiquark currents in the HQET arise due to an inappropriate commutation of two limits, namely coinciding velocities and infinite cutoff. This commutation is not apparent when dimensional regularization is used, but it can be made manifest in a cutoff regularization. We argue that operators containing heavy quark an...

We prove some commutation relations for a 3-graded Lie algebra, i.e., a Z-graded Lie algebra whose nonzero homogeneous elements have degrees −1, 0 or 1, over a field K. In particular, we examine the free 3-graded Lie algebra generated by an element of degree −1 and another of degree 1. We show that if K has characteristic zero, such a Lie algebra can be realized as a Lie algebra of matrices ove...

The present work is concerned with the development of commutative discrete filters for unstructured grids and contains two main contributions. First, building on the work of Marsden et al. [J. Comp. Phys. 175 (2002) 584], a new commutative discrete filter based on least-squares techniques is constructed. Second, a new analysis of the discrete commutation error is carried out. The analysis indic...

The first astrophysical results of the VLTI focal instrument AMBER have shown the importance of the differential and closure phase measures, which are supposed to be much less sensitive to atmospheric and instrumental biases than the absolute visibility. However there are artifacts limiting the accuracy of these measures which can be substantially overcome by a specific calibration technique ca...

Recent proposals for a nontrivial quantization of covariant, nonrenormalizable, self-interacting, scalar quantum fields have emphasized the importance of quantum fields that obey affine commutation relations rather than canonical commutation relations. When formulated on a spacetime lattice, such models have a lattice version of the associated ground state, and this vector is used as the fiduci...

We survey the known results on two old open problems on commutation of languages. The first problem, raised by Conway in 1971, is asking if the centralizer of a rational language must be rational as well – the centralizer of a language is the largest set of words commuting with that language. The second problem, proposed by Ratoandromanana in 1989, is asking for a characterization of those lang...

This work mainly focuses on Matlab Simulink model for electronic commutation of BLDC motor and co simulation of the model by using Xilinx System generator tool. The BLDC motors (AKM21E) are available in small size with good speed/torque characteristics. Since, the efficiency and dynamic response is high compared to brushed DC motor, they have widely used in various applications. We are using BL...