Immunoassays represent a core workhorse methodology for many applications ranging from clinical diagnostics to environmental monitoring. In traditional formats such as the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), analytes are measured singly or in small sets. As more biomarkers are identified for disease states, there is a need to develop methods that can measure multiple markers simultaneous...

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and bluetongue (BT) are two of the most devastating viral diseases affecting domestic wild ruminants. They cause significant economic losses, vaccination is important method for combating both FMD BT. Simultaneous vaccinations crucial animal welfare as well labor cost savings. No reports were found on simultaneous administration BT vaccines to sheep. This study eval...

Abstract Background In spite of efforts to control avian influenza (AI) and Newcastle disease (ND) over decades, circulation the viral causative agents among domestic feral birds is considered implicated factors for intermittent outbreaks AI ND domesticated as well commercial poultry flocks in Nigeria. this study, sera from (Japanese quails) peri-domestic including laughing dove village weavers...

Background: COVID-19 pandemic created an unprecedented demand for reagents and diagnostic tools to confirm cases. Thus, the development of a robust in-house test is considered high importance. Within few days after exposure, human body produces specific antibodies that recognize surface proteins invading SARS-CoV-2 virus1. Therefore, virus immunoglobulins are neutralizing their appearance in bl...

Hepatitis B merupakan penyakit inflamasi dan nekrosis sel hati yang disebabkan oleh infeksi virus hepatitis (VHB). Kehadiran anti-HBs faktor penting dalam diagnosis prognosis VHB. Rapid test adalah salah satu metode pemeriksaan selain ELISA untuk mendeteksi adanya anti-HBs, lebih praktis penggunaan ekonomis. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui nilai sensitivitas spesifisitas rapid Intec® terhadap ...