By using the brick wall method we calculate the thermodynamic potential of the complex scalar field in a charged Kerr black hole. Using it we show that in the Hartle-Hawking state the leading term of the entropy is proportional to AH ǫ , which becomes divergent as the system approaches the black hole horizon. The origin of the divergence is that the density of states diverges at the horizon. PA...

This paper discusses issues faced in using epidemiologic data to develop quantitative estimates of risk from specified patterns of exposure to a toxicant. We focus on use of data from cohort studies with binary endpoints (occurrence or non-occurrence of disease). Relative advantages of Cox regression and Poisson regression are presented. A general form of exposure metric is presented, and crite...

the rate of soil erosion and sediment yield estimation in the catchment areas is considered as an important factor for soil and water conservation practices. due to difficulties and restrictions in common soil erosion methods, applying a high accuracy method with lowest cost and time consuming would be necessary. assessment of soil loss in hilly areas with capacity of rang land that has changed...

BACKGROUND this study aims to develop and evaluate a simple fracture risk index for use in frail older people. METHODS clinical risk factors were assessed at baseline for 2,005 older people (473 males, 1,532 females; mean age 85.7 years, SD 7.1 years) living in aged-care facilities. Fractures were ascertained for 2 years from baseline. Cox regression model was used to identify significant ris...

INTRODUCTION In rice breeding programmes large number of grain samples are routinely analysed for amylose content (AC) through a tedious spectrophotometric method that also involves high reagent costs. OBJECTIVE Here, we propose a rapid and economic screening technique for assessment of AC based on the amylose-iodine complex formation in the cut grains of rice, which we refer to as the cut gr...

aims: the occurrence of fire in residential buildings , commercial complexes and large and small industries cause physical, environmental and financial damages to many different communities. fire safety in hospitals is sensitive and it is believed that the society takes the responsibility to care sick people . the goal of this study was to use fire risk assessment method for engineering (frame)...

the study of wave and its propagation on the water surface is among significant phenomena in designing quay, marine and water structures. therefore, in order to design structures which are exposed to direct wave forces, it is necessary to study and simulate water surface height and the wave forces on the structures body in different boundary conditions. in this study, the propagation of static ...