15 In this work we investigate in a computational model how cholinergic inputs to the 16 olfactory bulb (OB) and piriform cortex (PC) modulate odor representations. We use 17 experimental data derived from different physiological studies of ACh modulation of the 18 bulbar and cortical circuitry and the interaction between these two areas. The results 19 presented here indicate that cholinergic ...

Currently, Communication via Diffusion (CvD) is one of the most prominent systems in nanonetworks. In this paper, we evaluate the effects of two major interference sources, Intersymbol Interference (ISI) and Co-channel Interference (CCI) in the CvD system using different modulation techniques. In the analysis of this paper, we use two modulation techniques, namely Concentration Shift Keying (CS...

Non-charge-storage-based nonvolatile memory characteristics associated with oxygen ion exchange are demonstrated in a thin-film transistor (TFT) composed of an indium-zinc oxide (IZO) channel and oxygen-deficient HfO2–x gate oxide. A increase drain current reduced threshold voltage obtained upon application positive voltage, the opposite negative voltage. The device shows retention properties s...

We develop a sequential low-complexity inference procedure for the Infinite Gaussian Mixture Model (IGMM) for the general case of an unknown mean and covariance. The observations are sequentially allocated to classes based on a sequential maximum a-posterior (MAP) criterion. We present an easily computed, closed form for the conditional likelihood, in which the parameters can be recursively upd...

The ability to drive microcentrifugation for efficient micromixing and particle concentration and separation on a microfluidic platform is critical for a wide range of lab-on-a-chip applications. In this work, we investigate the use of amplitude modulation to enhance the efficiency of the microcentrifugal recirculation flows in surface acoustic wave microfluidic systems, thus concomitantly redu...

Two-component signaling circuits allow bacteria to detect and respond to external stimuli. Unfortunately, the input stimulus remains unidentified for the majority of these circuits. Therefore, development of a synthetic method for stimulus-independent modulation of these circuits is highly desirable because particular physiological or developmental processes could be controlled for biotechnolog...

introduction: the conventional methods of dosimetry are not capable of dosimetry in such a small volume of less than one cubic millimeter. although the polymer gel dosimetry method based on magnetic resonance imaging (mri) could achieve three dimensional dosimetry with high resolution, a spatial resolution evaluation based on gel dose modulation transfer function has not been investigated yet. ...

COVID-19 restrictions stipulate the mandatory use of surgical masks during outdoor and indoor physical activities. The impact this on athletic performance especially anaerobic activities is poorly known. aim present research was to analyze effect mask running athletes. Modifications in time, blood lactate, glucose, oxygen saturation, subjective perceived stress, rating exertion, heart rate vari...

A novel screen-printing fabrication method was used to prepare organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with polysterene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS). Initially, three types of these screen-printed OECTs with a different channel and gate areas ratio were compared in terms of output characteristics, transfer characteristics, and current modulation in a...

Cyclic-nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels are crucial for sensory transduction in the photoreceptors (rods and cones) of the vertebrate retina. Light triggers a decrease in the cytoplasmic concentration of cyclic GMP in the outer segments of these cells, leading to closure of CNG channels and hyperpolarization of the membrane potential. Hence, CNG channels translate a chemical change in cyclic nuc...