A gaze concurrence is a point in 3D where the gaze directions of two or more people intersect. It is a strong indicator of social saliency because the attention of the participating group is focused on that point. In scenes occupied by large groups of people, multiple concurrences may occur and transition over time. In this paper, we present a method to construct a 3D social saliency field and ...

Eminent Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) literature concentrates on critical success factors for implementation. More recently, published work relates to ERP maintenance and upgrade practices. In papers concerning all phases of the ERP lifecycle, researchers commonly gather material via case studies of organizations comparatively new to ERP implementation, maintenance, or upgrade projects. Th...

otherwise it is entangled or inseparable. Then a question arises: How to detect whether a state is entangled or not? If ρ is entangled, how to quantify the degree of its entanglement? To answer these two questions, we need to introduce some measures of entanglement to quantify the degree of entanglement. The entanglement measure for a state is zero iff the state is separable, and the bigger is ...

We study pairwise entanglements in spin-half and spin-one Heisenberg chains with an open boundary condition, respectively. We find out that the ground-state and the first-excited-state entanglements are equal for the three-site spin-one chain. When the number of sites L > 3, the concurrences and negativities display oscillatory behaviors, and the oscillations of the ground-state and the firstex...

What role do hierarchies play with respect to the organization of production and what factors determine their structure? Despite hierarchies’ pervasiveness in the economy, there has been little or no systematic empirical work on these issues. This paper examines these issues, focusing on legal services in the United States. We first provide some stylized facts and discuss how they cannot be acc...

Hilbert-Schmidt distance reduces to Euclidean distance in Bell decomposable states. Based on this, entanglement of these states are obtained according to the protocol proposed in Ref. [V. Vedral et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 2275 (1995)] with Hilbert-Schmidt distance. It is shown that this measure is equal to the concurrence and thus can be used to generate entanglement of formation. We also intr...

We study the exact evolution of two non-interacting qubits, initially in a Bell state, in the presence of an environment, modeled by a kicked Ising spin chain. Dynamics of this model range from integrable to chaotic and we can handle numerics for a large number of qubits. We find that the entanglement (as measured by concurrence) of the two qubits has a close relation to the purity of the pair,...

We investigate the quantum entanglement between two quantum dots (QDs) in a plasmonic waveguide with a near-zero mode index, considering the dependence of concurrence on interdot distance, QD waveguide frequency detuning, and coupling strength ratio. High concurrence is achieved for a wide range of interdot distances due to the near-zero mode index, which largely relaxes the strict requirement ...

By considering the decomposition of a generic two qubit density matrix presented by Woot-ters [W. any mixed state of two qubit systems is obtained algebraically. It is shown that the robustness of entanglement is proportional to concurrence and in Bell decomposable density matrices it is equal to the concurrence. We also give an analytic expression for two separable states which wipe out all en...

We analyze quantum teleportation for composite systems, specifically for concatenated teleporation decomposing a large composite state into smaller states of dimension commensurate with the channel and partial teleportation teleporting one component of a larger quantum state . We obtain an exact expression for teleportation fidelity that depends solely on the dimension and singlet fraction for ...