OBJECTIVE Development of the hip joint is complete by 11 weeks of gestation. As triiodothyronine and thyroxine are important regulators of early bone and muscle development, we hypothesized that excessive thyroid hormone in the early fetal period was a congenital risk factor of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Consequently, it was proposed that elevations of maternal thyroxine in the f...

objectives we investigated the menstrual bleeding pattern and its relationship with certain clinical findings in adult women with chd. patients and methods clinical data and menstrual bleeding pattern of adult women ≥15 years old who were referred to adult chd clinic between march and september 2014 were recorded. patients with syndromic congenital anomalies were excluded. results data of 304 w...

introduction patients with palliated congenital heart disease may present later in life for major, non-cardiac surgical procedures. although alternative surgical techniques are now available for the treatment of the transposition of the great arteries (tga), an atrial level baffle (mustard or senning procedure) was previously performed. long-term adverse effects of the atrial level switch inclu...

proximity of the vagus nerve to a patent ductus arteriosus (pda) can cause traction or entrapment of vagus nerve during surgical closure of the in rare occasions. this can lead to a life threatening postoperative bradycardia. herein, we report a case of bradycardia caused by unexpected irritation of the vagal trunk by the end of operation. the patient was managed by re-opening the chest, lung r...

now-a-days truncus arteriosus has been known as “common arterial trunk” (cat) and is an uncommon congenital cardiac defect presenting in about 1-3% congenital heart disease. environmental and genetic factors effects on incidence of cat and other conotruncal anomalies. the majority patients with cat and 22q11 deletion have other anomalies such as hypoplasia or aplasia of the thymus or parath...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none fa background : fahr's disease is a rare neurodegenerative disorder of unknown cause characterized by idiopathic basal ganglia calcification that is associated with neuropsychiatric and cognitive impairment. no case of fahr's disease with associated cardiac conduction disease has been described in the literature to date. the objective of this case report ...